Webster's Unabridged Dictionary - Letter C

Webster's Unabridged Dictionary - Letter C - Page 87

Columbiad (n.) (Mil.) A form of seacoast cannon; a long, chambered gun designed for throwing shot or shells with heavy charges of powder, at high angles of elevation.

Note: Since the War of 1812 the Columbiad has been much modified, especially by General Rodman, and the improved form now used in seacoast defense is often called the Rodman gun.

Columbian (a.) Of or pertaining to the United States, or to America.

Columbian (a) Of or relating to Christopher Columbus.

Columbic (a.) (Chem.) Pertaining to, or containing, columbium or niobium; niobic.

Columbic acid (Chem.), A weak acid derived from columbic or niobic oxide, Nb2O5; -- called also niobic acid.

Columbic (a.) Pertaining to, or derived from, the columbo root.

Columbic acid (Chem.), An organic acid extracted from the columbo root as a bitter, yellow, amorphous substance.

Columbier (n.) See Colombier.

Columbiferous (a.) Producing or containing columbium.

Columbin (n.) (Chem.) A white, crystalline, bitter substance. See Calumbin.

Calumbin (n.) (Chem.) A bitter principle extracted as a white crystalline substance from the calumba root. [Written also colombin, and columbin].

Columbine (a.) Of or pertaining to a dove; dovelike; dove-colored. "Columbine innocency." -- Bacon.

Columbine (n.) (Bot.) A plant of several species of the genus Aquilegia; as, A. vulgaris, or the common garden columbine; A. Canadensis, the wild red columbine of North America.

Columbine (n.) The mistress or sweetheart of Harlequin in pantomimes. -- Brewer.

Columbine (n.) A plant of the genus Aquilegia having irregular showy spurred flowers; north temperate regions especially mountains [syn: columbine, aquilegia, aquilege].

Columbine, CO -- U.S. Census Designated Place in Colorado

Population (2000): 24095

Housing Units (2000): 8800

Land area (2000): 6.638409 sq. miles (17.193399 sq. km)

Water area (2000): 0.130717 sq. miles (0.338556 sq. km)

Total area (2000): 6.769126 sq. miles (17.531955 sq. km)

FIPS code: 16110

Located within: Colorado (CO), FIPS 08

Location: 39.587887 N, 105.069332 W

ZIP Codes (1990):

Note: some ZIP codes may be omitted esp. for suburbs.

Headwords:

Columbine, CO

Columbine

Columbite (n.) (Min.) A mineral of a black color, submetallic luster, and high specific specific gravity. It is a niobate (or columbate) of iron and manganese, containing tantalate of iron; -- first found in New England.

Columbite (n.) A black mineral that is an ore of niobium and tantalum [syn: niobite, columbite].

Columbium (n.) (Chem.) A rare element of the vanadium group, first found in a variety of the mineral columbite occurring in Connecticut, probably at Haddam. Atomic weight 94.2. Symbol Cb or Nb. Now more commonly called niobium.

Compare: Niobium

Niobium (n.) (Chem.) The chemical element of atomic number 41. Chemical symbol Nb.

Atomic weight 92.91. Previously called columbium. See also Columbium.

Columbium (n.) A former name for niobium columbium.

The original name for niobium.

Columbo (n.) (Med.) See Calumba.

Calumba (n.) (Med.) The root of a plant ({Jateorrhiza Calumba, and probably Cocculus palmatus), indigenous in Mozambique. It has an unpleasantly bitter taste, and is used as a tonic and antiseptic. [Written also colombo, columbo, and calombo.]

American calumba, The Frasera Carolinensis, also called American gentian. Its root has been used in medicine as bitter tonic in place of calumba.

Columbo (n.) Any of various tall perennial herbs constituting the genus Frasera; widely distributed in warm dry upland areas of California, Oregon, and Washington [syn: columbo, American columbo, deer's-ear, deer's-ears, pyramid plant, American gentian].

Columella (n.) (Bot.) An axis to which a carpel of a compound pistil may be attached, as in the case of the geranium; or which is left when a pod opens.

Columella (n.) (Bot.) A columnlike axis in the capsules of mosses.

Columella (n.) (Anat.) A term applied to various columnlike parts; as, the columella, or epipterygoid bone, in the skull of many lizards; the columella of the ear, the bony or cartilaginous rod connecting the tympanic membrane with the internal ear.

Columella (n.) (Zool.) The upright pillar in the axis of most univalve shells.

Columella (n.) (Zool.) The central pillar or axis of the calicles of certain corals.

Columella (n.) A small column (or structure resembling a column) that is a part of a plant or animal.

Columelliform (a.) Shaped like a little column, or columella.

Column (n.) (Arch.) 圓柱；圓柱狀物 [（+of）]；（報紙的）欄，段；（報紙，雜誌的）短評欄，專欄；（士兵的）縱隊；小分遣隊；（船艦，車輛等的）縱列 [G]；【數】行（臺灣），列（大陸） A kind of pillar; a cylindrical or polygonal support for a roof, ceiling, statue, etc., somewhat ornamented, and usually composed of base, shaft, and capital. See Order.

Column (n.) Anything resembling, in form or position, a column in architecture; an upright body or mass; a shaft or obelisk; as, a column of air, of water, of mercury, etc.; the Column Vendome; the spinal column.

Column (n.) (Mil.) A body of troops formed in ranks, one behind the other; -- contradistinguished from line. Compare Ploy, and Deploy.

Column (n.) (Mil.) A small army.

Column (n.) (Naut.) A number of ships so arranged as to follow one another in single or double file or in squadrons; -- in distinction from "line", where they are side by side.

Column (n.) (Print.) A perpendicular set of lines, not extending across the page, and separated from other matter by a rule or blank space; as, a column in a newspaper.

Column (n.) (Arith.) A perpendicular line of figures.

Column (n.) (Bot.) The body formed by the union of the stamens in the Mallow family, or of the stamens and pistil in the orchids.

Column (n.) (Print.) one of a series of articles written in a periodical, usually under the same title and at regular intervals; it may be written and signed by one or more authors, or may appear pseudonymously or anonymously, as an editorial column. "Safire's weekly column On Language in the New York Times is usually more interesting (and probably more accurate) than his political column." -- P. Cassidy

Attached column. See under Attach, v. t.

Clustered column. See under Cluster, v. t.

Column rule, A thin strip of brass separating columns of type in the form, and making a line between them in printing.

Column (n.) A line of units following one after another.

Column (n.) A vertical glass tube used in column chromatography; a mixture is poured in the top and washed through a stationary substance where components of the mixture are adsorbed selectively to form colored bands [syn: column, chromatography column].

Column (n.) A vertical array of numbers or other information; "he added a column of numbers".

Column (n.) Anything that approximates the shape of a column or tower; "the test tube held a column of white powder"; "a tower of dust rose above the horizon"; "a thin pillar of smoke betrayed their campsite" [syn: column, tower, pillar].

Column (n.) An article giving opinions or perspectives [syn: column, editorial, newspaper column].

Column (n.) A vertical cylindrical structure standing alone and not supporting anything (such as a monument) [syn: column, pillar].

Column (n.) (Architecture) A tall vertical cylindrical structure standing upright and used to support a structure [syn: column, pillar].

Column (n.) A page or text that is vertically divided; "the newspaper devoted several columns to the subject"; "the bookkeeper used pages that were divided into columns."

Column (n.) Any tubular or pillar-like supporting structure in the body.

Column () A named slice through a database table that includes the same field of each row. For example, a telephone directory table might have a row for each person with a name column and a telephone number column.

Column () A line of memory cells in a dynamic random-access memory, that is selected by a particular column address. (2007-10-12)

Columnar (a.) Formed in columns; having the form of a column or columns; like the shaft of a column.

Columnar epithelium (Anat.), Epithelium in which the cells are prismatic in form, and set upright on the surface they cover.

Columnar structure (Geol.), A structure consisting of more or less regular columns, usually six-sided, but sometimes with eight or more sides. The columns are often fractured transversely, with a cup joint, showing a concave surface above. This structure is characteristic of certain igneous rocks, as basalt, and is due to contraction in cooling.

Columnar (a.) Having the form of a column; "trees with columniform trunks"; "columnar forms"; "a columnlike tree trunk" [syn: columniform, columnar, columnlike].

Columnar (a.) Characterized by columns; "columnar construction."

Columnarity (n.) The state or quality of being columnar.

Columnated (a.) Having columns; as, columnated temples.

Columned (a.) Having columns.

Columniation (n.) 【建】列柱式；列柱 The employment or arrangement of columns in a structure. -- Gwilt.

Columniation (n.) (Architecture) The arrangement of columns (especially freestanding columns) in a structure.

Colures (n. pl. ) of Colure.

Colure (n.) (Astron. & Geog.) One of two great circles intersecting at right angles in the poles of the equator. One of them passes through the equinoctial points, and hence is denominated the equinoctial colure; the other intersects the equator at the distance of 90?from the former, and is called the solstitial colure.

Thrice the equinoctial line He circled; four times crossed the car of night From pole to pole, traversing each colure. -- Milton.

Colies (n. pl. ) of Coly.

Coly (n.) Any bird of the genus Colius and allied genera. They inhabit Africa.

Colza (n.) (Bot.) A variety of cabbage (Brassica oleracea), cultivated for its seeds, which yield an oil valued for illuminating and lubricating purposes; summer rape.

Colza (n.) Eurasian plant cultivated for its seed and as a forage crop [syn: rape, colza, Brassica napus].

Com- () A prefix from the Latin preposition cum, signifying with, together, in conjunction, very, etc. It is used in the form com- before b, m, p, and sometimes f, and by assimilation becomes col- before l, cor- before r, and con- before any consonant except b, h, l, m, p, r, and w. Before a vowel com- becomes co-; also before h, w, and sometimes before other consonants.

COM, () Computer Output on Microfilm.

Coma (n.) 【醫】昏睡（狀態）；昏迷 A state of profound insensibility from which it is difficult or impossible to rouse a person. See Carus.

Coma (n.) (Astron.) The envelope of a comet; a nebulous covering, which surrounds the nucleus or body of a comet.

Coma (n.) (Bot.) A tuft or bunch, -- as the assemblage of branches forming the head of a tree; or a cluster of bracts when empty and terminating the inflorescence of a plant; or a tuft of long hairs on certain seeds.

Coma Berenices [L.] (Astron.), A small constellation north of Virgo; -- called also Berenice's Hair.

Compare: Envelope

Envelope, Envelop (n.) 信封；封皮；封套；外殼，殼層 That which envelops, wraps up, encases, or surrounds; a wrapper; an inclosing cover; esp., the cover or wrapper of a document, as of a letter.

Envelope, Envelop (n.) (Astron.) The nebulous covering of the head or nucleus of a comet; -- called also coma.

Envelope, Envelop (n.) (Fort.) A work of earth, in the form of a single parapet or of a small rampart. It is sometimes raised in the ditch and sometimes beyond it. -- Wilhelm.

Envelope, Envelop (n.) (Geom.) A curve or surface which is tangent to each member of a system of curves or surfaces, the form and position of the members of the system being allowed to vary according to some continuous law. Thus, any curve is the envelope of its tangents.

Envelope, Envelop (n.) A set of limits for the performance capabilities of some type of machine, originally used to refer to aircraft; -- it is often described graphically as a two-dimensional graph of a function showing the maximum of one performance variable as a function of another. Now it is also used metaphorically to refer to capabilities of any system in general, including human organizations, esp. in the phrase push the envelope. It is used to refer to the maximum performance available at the current state of the technology, and therefore refers to a class of machines in

general, not a specific machine.

Push the envelope, () To increase the capability of some type of machine or system; -- usually by technological development.

Envelope (n.) A flat (usually rectangular) container for a letter, thin package, etc.

Envelope (n.) Any wrapper or covering.

Envelope (n.) A curve that is tangent to each of a family of curves.

Envelope (n.) A natural covering (as by a fluid); "the spacecraft detected an envelope of gas around the comet".

Envelope (n.) The maximum operating capability of a system (especially an aircraft); "test pilots try to push the envelope".

Envelope (n.) The bag containing the gas in a balloon [syn: envelope, gasbag].

Envelope (n.) The coffin of a document; the scabbard of a bill; the husk of a remittance; the bed-gown of a love-letter.

Coma (n.) A state of deep and often prolonged unconsciousness; usually the result of disease or injury [syn: coma, comatoseness]

Coma (n.) (Botany) A usually terminal tuft of bracts (as in the pineapple) or tuft of hairs (especially on certain seeds).

Coma (n.) (Astronomy) The luminous cloud of particles surrounding the frozen nucleus of a comet; forms as the comet approaches the sun and is warmed.

COMA, () Cache Only Memory Architecture (SMP)

Comanches (n. pl.) (Ethnol.) A warlike, savage, and nomadic tribe of the Shoshone family of Indians, inhabiting Mexico and the adjacent parts of the United States; -- called also Paducahs. They are noted for plundering and cruelty.

Comart (n.) A covenant. [Obs.] -- Shak.

Comate (a.) Encompassed with a coma, or bushy appearance, like hair; hairy.

Co-mate (n.) A companion. -- Shak.

Comate (a.) Bearing a coma; crowned with an assemblage of branches or leaves or bracts; "comate royal palms"; "pineapples are comate" [syn: comate, comose].

Comate (a.) Of certain seeds (such as cotton) having a tuft or tufts of hair; "comate (or comose) seeds"; "a comal tuft" [syn: comate, comose, comal].

Comatose (a.) 昏睡狀態的 Relating to, or resembling, coma; drowsy; lethargic; as, comatose sleep; comatose fever.

Comatose (a.) Relating to or associated with a coma; "comatose breathing"; "comatose state."

Comatose (a.) In a state of deep and usually prolonged unconsciousness; unable to respond to external stimuli; "a comatose patient."

Comatous (a.) Comatose.

Comatula (n.) (Zool.) A crinoid of the genus Antedon and related genera. When young they are fixed by a stem. When adult they become detached and cling to seaweeds, etc., by their dorsal cirri; -- called also feather stars.

Comatula (n.) Former usage synonymous with Antedon [syn: Comatula, genus Comatula].

Comatulid (n.) (Zool.) Any crinoid of the genus Antedon or allied genera.

Comatulid (n.) Free-swimming stalkless crinoid with ten feathery arms; found on muddy sea bottoms [syn: feather star, comatulid].

Comb (n.) [C] 梳子；（羊毛等的）毛刷，馬鬃刷；女人頭髮上梳狀的飾物 An instrument with teeth, for straightening, cleansing, and adjusting the hair, or for keeping it in place.

Comb (n.) An instrument for currying hairy animals, or cleansing and smoothing their coats; a currycomb.

Comb (n.) (Manuf. & Mech.) A toothed instrument used for separating and cleansing wool, flax, hair, etc.

Comb (n.) (Manuf. & Mech.) The serrated vibratory doffing knife of a carding machine.

Comb (n.) (Manuf. & Mech.) A former, commonly cone-shaped, used in hat manufacturing for hardening the soft fiber into a bat.

Comb (n.) (Manuf. & Mech.) A tool with teeth, used for chasing screws on work in a lathe; a chaser.

Comb (n.) (Manuf. & Mech.) The notched scale of a wire micrometer.

Comb (n.) (Manuf. & Mech.) The collector of an electrical machine, usually resembling a comb.

Comb (n.) (Zool.) The naked fleshy crest or caruncle on the upper part of the bill or hood of a cock or other bird. It is usually red.

Comb (n.) (Zool.) One of a pair of peculiar organs on the base of the abdomen of scorpions.

Comb (n.) The curling crest of a wave.

Comb (n.) The waxen framework forming the walls of the cells in which bees store their honey, eggs, etc.; honeycomb. "A comb of honey." -- Wyclif.

When the bee doth leave her comb. -- Shak.

Comb (n.) The thumbpiece of the hammer of a gunlock, by which it may be cocked.

Comb (n.) A dry measure. See Coomb.

Combed (imp. & p. p.) of Comb.

Combing (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Comb.

Comb (v. t.) 用梳子梳理；徹底搜查 [（+for）] To disentangle, cleanse, or adjust, with a comb; to lay smooth and straight with, or as with, a comb; as, to comb hair or wool. See under Combing.

Comb down his hair; look, look! It stands upright. -- Shak.

Comb (v. i.) (Naut.) （浪）湧起 To roll over, as the top or crest of a wave; to break with a white foam, as waves.

Comb (n.) Alt. of Combe

Combe (n.) 【英】峽谷 That unwatered portion of a valley which forms its continuation beyond and above the most elevated spring that issues into it. [Written also coombe.] -- Buckland.

A gradual rise the shelving combe Displayed. -- Southey.

Coomb (n.) A dry measure of four bushels, or half a quarter. [Written also comb.] Coomb

Comb (n.) A flat device with narrow pointed teeth on one edge; disentangles or arranges hair.

Comb (n.) The fleshy red crest on the head of the domestic fowl and other gallinaceous birds [syn: comb, cockscomb, coxcomb].

Comb (n.) Any of several tools for straightening fibers.

Comb (n.) Ciliated comb-like swimming plate of a ctenophore.

Comb (n.) The act of drawing a comb through hair; "his hair needed a comb" [syn: comb, combing].

Comb (v.) Straighten with a comb; "comb your hair."

Comb (v.) Search thoroughly; "They combed the area for the missing child" [syn: comb, ransack].

Comb (v.) Smoothen and neaten with or as with a comb; "comb your hair before dinner"; "comb the wool" [syn: comb, comb out, disentangle].

Combated (imp. & p. p.) of Combat.

Combating (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Combat.

Combat (v. i.) 戰鬥，搏鬥 [（+with/ against）] To struggle or contend, as with an opposing force; to fight.

To combat with a blind man I disdain. -- Milton.

After the fall of the republic, the Romans combated only for the choice of masters. -- Gibbon.

Combat (v. t.) 與……戰鬥，反對 To fight with; to oppose by force, argument, etc.; to contend against; to resist.

When he the ambitious Norway combated. -- Shak.

And combated in silence all these reasons. -- Milton.

Minds combat minds, repelling and repelled. -- Goldsmith.

Syn: To fight against; resist; oppose; withstand; oppugn; antagonize; repel; resent.

Combat (n.) 戰鬥，格鬥，反對 [C] [U] [（+with/ between/ against）] A fight; a contest of violence; a struggle for supremacy.

My courage try by combat, if thou dar'st. -- Shak.

The noble combat that 'twixt joy and sorrow was fought in Paulina. -- Shak.

Combat (n.) (Mil.) An engagement of no great magnitude; or one in which the parties engaged are not armies.

Single combat, One in which a single combatant meets a single opponent, as in the case of David and Goliath; also, a duel.

Syn: A battle; engagement; conflict; contest; contention; struggle; fight, strife. See Battle, Contest.

Combat (n.) An engagement fought between two military forces [syn: combat, armed combat].

Combat (n.) The act of fighting; any contest or struggle; "a fight broke out at the hockey game"; "there was fighting in the streets"; "the unhappy couple got into a terrible scrap" [syn: fight, fighting, combat, scrap].

Combat (v.) Battle or contend against in or as if in a battle; "The Kurds are combating Iraqi troops in Northern Iraq"; "We must combat the prejudices against other races"; "they battled over the budget" [syn: battle, combat].

Combat, Eng. law. The form of a forcible encounter between two or more persons or bodies of men; an engagement or battle. A duel.

Combatable (a.) Such as can be, or is liable to be, combated; as, combatable foes, evils, or arguments.

Combatant (a.) Contending; disposed to contend. -- B. Jonson.

Combatant (n.) One who engages in combat. IN military use, opposed to noncombatant. "The mighty combatants." -- Milton.

A controversy which long survived the original combatants. -- Macaulay.

Combatant (a.) Engaging in or ready for combat.

Combatant (n.) Someone who fights (or is fighting) [syn: combatant, battler, belligerent, fighter, scrapper].

Combater (n.) One who combats. -- Sherwood.

Combative (a.) 好戰的；好鬥的，好事的 Disposed to engage in combat; pugnacious.

Combative (a.) Inclined or showing an inclination to dispute or disagree, even to engage in law suits; "a style described as abrasive and contentious"; "a disputatious lawyer"; "a litigious and acrimonious spirit" [syn: contentious, combative, disputatious, disputative, litigious].

Combative (a.) Striving to overcome in argument; "a dialectical and agonistic approach" [syn: agonistic, agonistical, combative].

Combative (a.) Having or showing a ready disposition to fight; "bellicose young officers"; "a combative impulse"; "a contentious nature" [syn: battleful, bellicose, combative].

Combativeness (n.) 好鬥性；鬥志 The quality of being combative; propensity to contend or to quarrel.

Combativeness (n.) (Phren.) A cranial development supposed to indicate a combative disposition.

Combativeness (n.) A militant aggressiveness [syn: combativeness, militance, militancy].

Combattant (a.) [F.] (Her.) In the position of fighting; -- said of two lions set face to face, each rampant.

Combbroach (n.) A tooth of a wool comb. [Written also combrouch.]

Comb, Combe (n.) That unwatered portion of a valley which forms its continuation beyond and above the most elevated spring that issues into it. [Written also coombe.] -- Buckland.

A gradual rise the shelving combe Displayed. -- Southey.

Combe (n.) See Comb. flax, etc.

Comber (n.) 梳毛機；梳棉機；捲浪 One who combs; one whose occupation it is to comb wool, flax, etc. Also, a machine for combing wool, flax, etc.

Comber (n.) A long, curling wave.

Comber (v. t.) To cumber. [Obs.] -- Spenser.

Comber (n.) Encumbrance. [Obs.]

Comber (n.) (Zool.) The cabrilla. Also, a name applied to a species of wrasse. [Prov. Eng.]

Cumber (n.) Trouble; embarrassment; distress. [Obs.] [Written also comber.].

A place of much distraction and cumber. -- Sir H. Wotton.

Sage counsel in cumber. -- Sir W. Scott. Cumberland

Comber (n.) A person who separates and straightens the fibers of cotton or wool

Comber (n.) A long curling sea wave.

Comber (n.) A machine that separates and straightens the fibers of cotton or wool.

Combinable (a.) 可聯合的，可組合的，可結合的，可化合的 Capable of combining; consistent with. [R.] -- M. Arnold. -- Com*bin"a*ble*ness, n.

Combinable (a.) Able to or tending to combine [syn: combinable, combinational, combinatory].

Combinate (a.) United; joined; betrothed. [R.]

Combination (n.) [U] [C] 結合（體）；聯合（體）；[C]（有共同目的的）團體；聯盟；[P] 連衫褲；（打開密碼鎖的）對號密碼；密碼鎖；[C]【數】組合；【化】化合 The act or process of combining or uniting persons and things.

Making new compounds by new combinations. -- Boyle.

A solemn combination shall be made Of our dear souls. -- Shak.

Combination (n.) The result of combining or uniting; union of persons or things; esp. a union or alliance of persons or states to effect some purpose; -- usually in a bad sense.

A combination of the most powerful men in Rome who had conspired my ruin. -- Melmoth.

Combination (n.) (Chem.) The act or process of uniting by chemical affinity, by which substances unite with each other in definite proportions by weight to form distinct compounds.

Combination (n.) pl. (Math.) The different arrangements of a number of objects, as letters, into groups.

Note: In combinations no regard is paid to the order in which the objects are arranged in each group, while in variations and permutations this order is respected. -- Brande & C.

Combination car, A railroad car containing two or more compartments used for different purposes. [U. S.]

Combination lock, A lock in which the mechanism is controlled by means of a movable dial (sometimes by several dials or rings) inscribed with letters or other characters. The bolt of the lock can not be operated until after the dial has been so turned as to combine the characters in a certain order or succession.

Combination room, In the University of Cambridge, Eng., a room into which the fellows withdraw after dinner, for wine, dessert, and conversation.

Combination by volume (Chem.), The act, process, or ratio by which gaseous elements and compounds unite in definite proportions by volume to form distinct compounds.

Combination by weight (Chem.), The act, process, or ratio, in which substances unite in proportions by weight, relatively fixed and exact, to form distinct compounds.

See Law of definite proportions, under Definite.

Syn: Cabal; alliance; association; league; union; confederacy; coalition; conspiracy. See Cabal.

Combination (n.) A collection of things that have been combined; an assemblage of separate parts or qualities.

Combination (n.) A coordinated sequence of chess moves.

Combination (n.) A sequence of numbers or letters that opens a combination lock; "he forgot the combination to the safe".

Combination (n.) A group of people (often temporary) having a common purpose; "they were a winning combination".

Combination (n.) An alliance of people or corporations or countries for a special purpose (formerly to achieve some antisocial end but now for general political or economic purposes).

Combination (n.) The act of arranging elements into specified groups without regard to order.

Combination (n.) The act of combining things to form a new whole [syn: {combination}, {combining}, {compounding}].

Combination, () A set containing a certain number of objects selected from another set.

The number of combinations of r objects chosen from a set of n is n C r = n! / ((n-r)! r!) where "n C r" is normally with n and r as subscripts or as n above r in parentheses.