Webster's Unabridged Dictionary - Letter S - Page 213
Synagogue (n.) 猶太教堂 [C]；猶太教徒的聚會 [the S] A congregation or assembly of Jews met for the purpose of worship, or the performance of religious rites.
Synagogue (n.) The building or place appropriated to the religious worship of the Jews.
Synagogue (n.) The council of, probably, 120 members among the Jews, first appointed after the return from the Babylonish captivity; -- called also the Great Synagogue, and sometimes, though erroneously, the Sanhedrin.
Synagogue (n.) A congregation in the early Christian church.
My brethren, . . . if there come into your synagogue a man with a gold ring. -- James ii. 1,2 (Rev. Ver.).
Synagogue (n.) Any assembly of men. [Obs. or R.] -- Milton.
Synagogue (n.) (Judaism) The place of worship for a Jewish congregation [syn: synagogue, temple, tabernacle].
Synagogue, () (Gr. sunagoge, i.e., "an assembly"), Found only once in the Authorized Version of Ps. 74:8, where the margin of Revised Version has "places of assembly," which is probably correct; for while the origin of synagogues is unknown, it may well be supposed that buildings or tents for the accommodation of worshippers may have existed in the land from an early time, and thus the system of synagogues would be gradually developed.
Some, however, are of opinion that it was specially during the Babylonian captivity that the system of synagogue worship, if not actually introduced, was at least reorganized on a systematic plan (Ezek. 8:1; 14:1). The exiles gathered together for the reading of the law and the prophets as they had opportunity, and after their return synagogues were established all over the land (Ezra 8:15; Neh. 8:2). In after years, when the Jews were dispersed abroad, wherever they went they erected synagogues and kept up the stated services of worship (Acts 9:20; 13:5; 17:1; 17:17; 18:4). The form and internal arrangements of the synagogue would greatly depend on the wealth of the Jews who erected it, and on the place where it was built. "Yet there are certain traditional pecularities which have doubtless united together by a common resemblance the Jewish synagogues of all ages and countries. The arrangements for the women's place in a separate gallery or behind a partition of lattice-work; the desk in the centre, where the reader, like Ezra in ancient days, from his 'pulpit of wood,' may 'open the book in the sight of all of people and read in the book of the law of God distinctly, and give the sense, and cause them to understand the reading' (Neh. 8:4, 8); the carefully closed ark on the side of the building nearest to Jerusalem, for the preservation of the rolls or manuscripts of the law; the seats all round the building, whence 'the eyes of all them that are in the synagogue' may 'be fastened' on him who speaks (Luke 4:20); the 'chief seats' (Matt. 23:6) which were appropriated to the 'ruler' or 'rulers' of the synagogue, according as its organization may have been more or less complete;", these were features common to all the synagogues.
Where perfected into a system, the services of the synagogue, which were at the same hours as those of the temple, consisted, (1) of prayer, which formed a kind of liturgy, there were in all eighteen prayers; (2) the reading of the Scriptures in certain definite portions; and (3) the exposition of the portions read. (See Luke 4:15, 22; Acts 13:14.)
The synagogue was also sometimes used as a court of judicature, in which the rulers presided (Matt. 10:17; Mark 5:22; Luke 12:11; 21:12; Acts 13:15; 22:19); also as public schools.
The establishment of synagogues wherever the Jews were found in sufficient numbers helped greatly to keep alive Israel's hope of the coming of the Messiah, and to prepare the way for the spread of the gospel in other lands. The worship of the Christian Church was afterwards modelled after that of the synagogue.
Christ and his disciples frequently taught in the synagogues (Matt. 13:54; Mark 6:2; John 18:20; Acts 13:5, 15, 44; 14:1; 17:2-4, 10, 17; 18:4, 26; 19:8).
To be "put out of the synagogue," a phrase used by John (9:22; 12:42; 16:2), means to be excommunicated.
Synalepha (n.) A contraction of syllables by suppressing some vowel or diphthong at the end of a word, before another vowel or diphthong; as, th' army, for the army.
Synallagmatic (a.) Imposing reciprocal obligations upon the parties; as, a synallagmatic contract.
Synallaxine (a.) Having the outer and middle toes partially united; -- said of certain birds related to the creepers.
Synaloepha (n.) Same as Synalepha.
Synangia (n. pl. ) of Synangium.
Synangium (n.) The divided part beyond the pylangium in the aortic trunk of the amphibian heart.
Synantherous (a.) Having the stamens united by their anthers; as, synantherous flowers.
Synanthesis (n.) The simultaneous maturity of the anthers and stigmas of a blossom.
Synanthous (a.) Having flowers and leaves which appear at the same time; -- said of certain plants.
Synanthrose (n.) A variety of sugar, isomeric with sucrose, found in the tubers of the Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus), in the dahlia, and other Compositae.
Synapta (n.) A genus of slender, transparent holothurians which have delicate calcareous anchors attached to the dermal plates. See Illustration in Appendix.
Synaptase (n.) A ferment resembling diastase, found in bitter almonds. Cf. Amygdalin, and Emulsin.
Synapticulae (n. pl. ) of Synapticula.
Synapticula (n.) One of numerous calcareous processes which extend between, and unite, the adjacent septa of certain corals, especially of the fungian corals.
Synarchy (n.) Joint rule or sovereignity.
Synartesis (n.) A fastening or knitting together; the state of being closely jointed; close union.
Synarthrodia (n.) Synarthrosis.
Synarthroses (n. pl. ) of Synarthrosis.
Synarthrosis (n.) Immovable articulation by close union, as in sutures. It sometimes includes symphysial articulations also. See the Note under Articulation, n., 1.
Synastry (n.) Concurrence of starry position or influence; hence, similarity of condition, fortune, etc., as prefigured by astrological calculation.
Synaxis (n.) A congregation; also, formerly, the Lord's Supper.
Syncarp (n.) A kind of aggregate fruit in which the ovaries cohere in a solid mass, with a slender receptacle, as in the magnolia; also, a similar multiple fruit, as a mulberry.
Syncarpia (n. pl. ) of Syncarpium.
Syncarpium (n.) Same as Syncarp.
Syncarpous (a.) Composed of several carpels consolidated into one ovary.
Syncategorematic (a.) Not capable of being used as a term by itself; -- said of words, as an adverb or preposition.
Synchondroses (n. pl. ) of Synchondrosis.
Synchondrosis (n.) An immovable articulation in which the union is formed by cartilage.
Synchondrotomy (n.) Symphyseotomy.
Synchoresis (n.) A concession made for the purpose of retorting with greater force.
Synchronal (a.) Happening at, or belonging to, the same time; synchronous; simultaneous.
Synchronal (n.) A synchronal thing or event.
Synchronical (a.) Happening at the same time; synchronous.
Synchronism (n.) The concurrence of events in time; simultaneousness.
Synchronism (n.) The tabular arrangement of historical events and personages, according to their dates.
Synchronism (n.) A representation, in the same picture, of two or events which occured at different times.
Synchronistic (a.) Of or pertaining to synchronism; arranged according to correspondence in time; as, synchronistic tables.
Synchronization (n.) The act of synchronizing; concurrence of events in respect to time.
Synchronized (imp. & p. p.) of Synchronize.
Synchronizing (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Synchronize.
Synchronize (v. i.) To agree in time; to be simultaneous.
The path of this great empire, through its arch of progress, synchronized with that of Christianity. -- De Quincey.
Synchronize (v. t.) To assign to the same date or period of time; as, to synchronize two events of Greek and Roman history. "Josephus synchronizes Nisan with the Egyptian Pharmus." -- W. L. Bevan.
Synchronize (v. t.) To cause to agree in time; as, to synchronize the movements of different machines; to synchronize clocks.
Synchronize (v.) Make synchronous and adjust in time or manner; "Let's synchronize our efforts" [syn: synchronize, synchronise, sync] [ant: desynchronise, desynchronize].
Synchronize (v.) Happen at the same time [syn: synchronize, synchronise, contemporize, contemporise].
Synchronize (v.) Make (motion picture sound) exactly simultaneous with the action; "synchronize this film" [syn: synchronize, synchronise].
Synchronize (v.) Arrange or represent events so that they co-occur; "synchronize biblical events" [syn: synchronize, synchronise, contemporize, contemporise].
Synchronize (v.) Operate simultaneously; "The clocks synchronize" [syn: synchronize, synchronise].
Synchronize (v.) Cause to indicate the same time or rate; "synchronize your watches" [syn: synchronize, synchronise].
Synchronology (n.) Contemporaneous chronology.
Synchronous (a.) Happening at the same time; simultaneous. -- Syn"chro*nous*ly, adv.
Synchronous (a.) Occurring or existing at the same time or having the same period or phase; "recovery was synchronous with therapy" -- Jour.A.M.A.; "a synchronous set of clocks"; "the synchronous action of a bird's wings in flight"; "synchronous oscillations" [syn: synchronous, synchronal, synchronic] [ant: asynchronous].
Synchronous (a.) (Digital communication) Pertaining to a transmission technique that requires a common clock signal (a timing reference) between the communicating devices in order to coordinate their transmissions [ant: asynchronous].
Synchronous, () Two or more processes that depend upon the occurrences of specific events such as common timing signals.
Synchronous, () Occurring at the same time or at the same rate or with a regular or predictable time relationship or sequence.
Opposite: asynchronous.
(1996-04-11)
Synchrony (n.) The concurrence of events in time; synchronism. [R.]
Geological contemporaneity is the same as chronological synchrony. -- Huxley.
Synchrony (n.) The relation that exists when things occur at the same time; "the drug produces an increased synchrony of the brain waves" [syn: synchronism, synchrony, synchronicity, synchroneity, synchronization, synchronisation, synchronizing] [ant: asynchronism, asynchrony, desynchronisation, desynchronization, desynchronizing].
Synchysis (n.) A derangement or confusion of any kind, as of words in a sentence, or of humors in the eye.
Sparkling synchysis (Med.), A condition in which the vitreous humor is softened and contains sparkling scales of cholesterin.
Synclastic (a.) (Math. Physics) Curved toward the same side in all directions; -- said of surfaces which in all directions around any point bend away from a tangent plane toward the same side, as the surface of a sphere; -- opposed to anticlastic. -- Sir W. Thomson.
Synclinal (a.) Inclined downward from opposite directions, so as to meet in a common point or line.
Synclinal (a.) (Geol.) Formed by strata dipping toward a common line or plane; as, a synclinal trough or valley; a synclinal fold; -- opposed to anticlinal.
Note: A downward flexure in the case of folded rocks makes a synclinal axis, and the alternating upward flexure an anticlinal axis.
Synclinal (n.) (Geol.) A synclinal fold.
Synclinal (a.) Sloping downward toward each other to create a trough [ant: anticlinal].
Syncline (n.) (Geol.) A synclinal fold.
Synclinical (a.) Synclinal. [R.]
Synclinoria (n. pl. ) of Synclinorium.
Synclinorium (n.) (Geol.) A mountain range owing its origin to the progress of a geosynclinal, and ending in a catastrophe of displacement and upturning. -- Dana.
Syncopal (a.) Of or pertaining to syncope; resembling syncope.
Syncopated (imp. & p. p.) of Syncopate.
Syncopating (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Syncopate.
Syncopate (v. t.) (Gram.) To contract, as a word, by taking one or more letters or syllables from the middle; as, "Gloster" is a syncopated form of "Gloucester."
Syncopate (v. t.) (Mus.) To commence, as a tone, on an unaccented part of a measure, and continue it into the following accented part, so that the accent is driven back upon the weak part and the rhythm drags.
Syncopate (v.) Omit a sound or letter in a word; "syncopate a word."
Syncopate (v.) Modify the rhythm by stressing or accenting a weak beat.
Syncopation (n.) (Gram.) The act of syncopating; the contraction of a word by taking one or more letters or syllables from the middle; syncope.
Syncopation (n.) (Mus.) The act of syncopating; a peculiar figure of rhythm, or rhythmical alteration, which consists in welding into one tone the second half of one beat with the first half of the beat which follows.
Syncopation (n.) (Phonology) The loss of sounds from within a word (as in `fo'c'sle' for `forecastle') [syn: syncope, syncopation].
Syncopation (n.) A musical rhythm accenting a normally weak beat.
Syncopation (n.) Music (especially dance music) that has a syncopated rhythm.
Syncope (n.) (Gram.) An elision or retrenchment of one or more letters or syllables from the middle of a word; as, ne'er for never, ev'ry for every.
Syncope (n.) (Mus.) Same as Syncopation.
Syncope (n.) (Med.) A fainting, or swooning. See Fainting.
Syncope (n.) A pause or cessation; suspension. [R.]
Revely, and dance, and show, Suffer a syncope and solemn pause. -- Cowper.
Syncope (n.) A spontaneous loss of consciousness caused by insufficient blood to the brain [syn: faint, swoon, syncope, deliquium].
Syncope (n.) (Phonology) The loss of sounds from within a word (as in `fo'c'sle' for `forecastle') [syn: syncope, syncopation].
Syncopist (n.) One who syncopates. -- Addison.
Syncopize (v. t.) To syncopate.
Syncotyledonous (a.) (Bot.) Having united cotyledonous.
Syncretic (a.) Uniting and blending together different systems, as of philosophy, morals, or religion. -- Smart.
// Syncretic religions.
Syncretic (a.) Relating to a historical tendency for a language to reduce its use of inflections; "modern English is a syncretic language" [syn: syncretic, syncretical, syncretistic, syncretistical].
Syncretic (a.) Of or characterized by syncretism [syn: syncretic, syncretical, syncretistic, syncretistical].
Syncretism (n.) 融合；（語言）類併 Attempted union of principles or parties irreconcilably at variance with each other.
He is plotting a carnal syncretism, and attempting the reconcilement of Christ and Belial. -- Baxter.
Syncretism is opposed to eclecticism in philosophy. -- Krauth-Fleming.
Syncretism (n.) (Philol.) The union or fusion into one of two or more originally different inflectional forms, as of two cases.
Syncretism (n.) the union (or attempted fusion) of different systems of thought or belief (especially in religion or philosophy); "a syncretism of material and immaterial theories."
Syncretism (n.) The fusion of originally different inflected forms (resulting in a reduction in the use of inflections).
Syncretism (n.) The combining of different religions, cultures, or ideas; an instance of this.
// We are seeing a new syncretism that is uniting parts of different religions.
Syncretism (n.) 綜攝（英語：syncretism，又稱融合主義）指的是調和或統合信念（如宗教上）的衝突，也可指對於調和或統合所做的努力 [1]，例如宗教混合的客觀過程。兩個以上的宗教在接觸與和解後，發展出彼此文化特質的交流現象，藉由宗教教義的交互體現，達到多元活動內容與豐富的融合現象。
英語的「綜攝」（Syncretism）一詞最早出現在1618年的《牛津字典》，但事實上在公元前的宗教演化過程中，就已出現多起。例如古希臘。之後的基督教、天主教、伊斯蘭教，東亞的儒教、佛教、道教（三教）與民間信仰，甚至現代新興宗教，綜攝現象均成為宗教發展中無可避免的過程。
Is the combining of different beliefs, while blending practices of various schools of thought. Syncretism involves the merging or assimilation of several originally discrete traditions, especially in the theology and mythology of religion, thus asserting an underlying unity and allowing for an inclusive approach to other faiths. Syncretism also occurs commonly in expressions of arts and culture (known as eclecticism) as well as politics (syncretic politics).
Syncretist (n.) One who attempts to unite principles or parties which are irreconcilably at variance ; specifically
Syncretist (n.) (Eccl. Hist.) An adherent of George Calixtus and other Germans of the seventeenth century, who sought to unite or reconcile the Protestant sects with each other and with the Roman Catholics, and thus occasioned a long and violent controversy in the Lutheran church.
Syncretistic (a.) Pertaining to, or characterized by, syncretism; as, a syncretistic mixture of the service of Jehovah and the worship of idols.
Syncretistic (a.) Of or pertaining to Syncretists.
Syncretistic (a.) Relating to a historical tendency for a language to reduce its use of inflections; "modern English is a syncretic language" [syn: syncretic, syncretical, syncretistic, syncretistical].
Syncretistic (a.) Of or characterized by syncretism [syn: syncretic, syncretical, syncretistic, syncretistical]
Syncrisis (n.) (Rhet.) A figure of speech in which opposite things or persons are compared. -- Crabb.
Syncitia (n. pl. ) of Syncytium.
Syncytium (n.) (Biol.) Tissue in which the cell or partition walls are wholly wanting and the cell bodies fused together, so that the tissue consists of a continuous mass of protoplasm in which nuclei are imbedded, as in ordinary striped muscle.
Syncytium (n.) (Zool.) The ectoderm
of a sponge. Syndactyl
Syncytium (n.) A mass of cytoplasm containing
several nuclei and enclosed in a membrane but no internal cell
boundaries (as in muscle fibers).
Syndactyle (n.) (Zool.) Any bird having syndactilous feet.
Syndactyl, Syndactyle (a.) (Zool. & Med.) Having two or more digits wholly or partly united. See Syndactylism.
Syndactylic (a.) (Zool.) Syndactilous.
Syndactylous (a.) (Zool.) Having the toes firmly united together for some distance, and without an intermediate web, as the kingfishers; gressorial.
Syndesmography (n.) A description of the ligaments; syndesmology.
Syndesmology (n.) That part of anatomy which treats of ligaments.
Syndesmoses (n. pl. ) of Syndesmosis.
Syndesmosis (n.) (Anat.) An articulation formed by means of ligaments. Syndetic
Syndetic (a.) Alt. of Syndetical.
Syndetical (a.) Connecting; conjunctive; as, syndetic words or connectives; syndetic references in a dictionary. -- Syn*det"ic*al*ly, adv.
With the syndetic juxtaposition of distinct members, the article is not often repeated. -- C. J. Grece (Trans. Maetzner's Gram.).
Syndetic (a.) Connected by a conjunction [ant: asyndetic].
Syndic (n.) An officer of government, invested with different powers in different countries; a magistrate.
Syndic (n.) (Law) An agent of a corporation, or of any body of men engaged in a business enterprise; an advocate or patron; an assignee.
Note: In France, syndics are appointed by the creditors of a bankrupt to manage the property. Almost all the companies in Paris, the university, and the like, have their syndics. The university of Cambridge, Eng., has its syndics, who are chosen from the senate to transact special business, such as the regulation of fees, the framing of laws, etc.
Syndic (n.) (Civil Law) One appointed to manage an estate, essentially as a trustee, under English law.
Syndic (n.) One appointed to represent a city or university or corporation in business transactions.
Syndic. () A term used in the French law, which answers in one sense to our word assignee, when applied to the management of bankrupts' estates; it has also a more extensive meaning; in companies and communities, syndics are they who are chosen to conduct the affairs and attend to the concerns of the body corporate or community; and in that sense the word corresponds to director or manager. Rodman's Notes to Code. de Com. p. 351; Civ. Code of Louis. art. 429; Dict. de Jurisp. art. Syndic.
Compare: Organized crime
Organized crime (n.) Groups of persons organized for illegal purposes, such as bootlegging, conducting illegal gambling, loansharking, extortion, etc.; -- a general term encompassing most forms of criminal groups, but especially those that are consolidated into "families" more or less recognizing each other's different regions of operation; sometimes considered synonymous with the mafia or the syndicate.
Organized crime (n.) Underworld organizations [syn: organized crime, gangland, gangdom].
Syndicate (v. i.) To unite to form a syndicate.
Syndicate (v. t.) To judge; to censure. [Obs.]
Syndicate (v. t.) [imp. & p. p. syndicated; p. pr. & vb. n. syndicating.] To combine or form into, or manage as, a syndicate.
Syndicate (v. t.) To acquire or control for or by, or to subject to the management of, a syndicate; as, syndicated newspapers.
Syndicate (v. t.) (Journalism) To purchase various journalistic items, such as articles, columns, or comic strips, from their individual creators, and resell them to numerous periodicals for simultaneous publication over a wide area; a syndicated columnist.
Syndicate (n.) The office or jurisdiction of a syndic; a council, or body of syndics. -- Bp. Burnet.
Syndicate (n.) An association of persons officially authorized to undertake some duty or to negotiate some business; also, an association of persons who combine to carry out, on their own account, a financial or industrial project; as, a syndicate of bankers formed to take up and dispose of an entire issue of government bonds.
Syndicate (n.) A more or less organized association of criminals controlling some aspects of criminal activity, in a specific area or country-wide; -- used loosely as a synonym for organized crime or the mafia.
Syndicate (n.) (Journalism) a commercial organization that purchases various journalistic items, such as articles, columns, or comic strips, from their individual creators, and resells them to newspapers or other periodicals for simultaneous publication over a wide area.
Syndicate (n.) A loose affiliation of gangsters in charge of organized criminal activities [syn: syndicate, crime syndicate, mob, family].
Syndicate (n.) An association of companies for some definite purpose [syn: consortium, pool, syndicate].
Syndicate (n.) A news agency that sells features or articles or photographs etc. to newspapers for simultaneous publication.
Syndicate (v.) Join together into a syndicate; "The banks syndicated."
Syndicate (v.) Organize into or form a syndicate.
Syndicate (v.) Sell articles, television programs, or photos to several publications or independent broadcasting stations.
Syndrome (n.) Concurrence. [R.] -- Glanvill.
Syndrome (n.) (Med.) A group of symptoms occurring together that are characteristic and indicative of some underlying cause, such as a disease.
Syndrome (n.) generally, a pattern of characteristics or behaviors occurring together, that are sufficiently common and distinctive to indicate that they are due to a known cause.
Syndrome (n.) A complex of concurrent things; "every word has a syndrome of meanings."
Syndrome (n.) A pattern of symptoms indicative of some disease.