Webster's Unabridged Dictionary - Letter S - Page 14
Satisfactory (a.) Making amends, indemnification, or recompense; causing to cease from claims and to rest content; compensating; atoning; as, to make satisfactory compensation, or a satisfactory apology.
A most wise and sufficient means of redemption and salvation, by the satisfactory and meritorious death and obedience of the incarnate Son of God, Jesus Christ. -- Bp. Sanderson. -- Sat`is*fac"to*ri*ly, adv. -- Sat`is*fac"to*ri*ness, n.
Satisfactorily (adv.) In a satisfactory manner [ant: unsatisfactorily].
Satisfactory (a.) (B2) 令人滿意的；使人滿足的；夠好的 Good or good enough for a particular need or purpose.
// The teachers seem to think his work is satisfactory.
// We hope very much to find a satisfactory solution to the problem.
// The outcome of the discussion was highly satisfactory (= very pleasing).
Satisfiable (a.) That may be satisfied.
Satisfiable (a.) Capable of being sated; "a satiable thirst"; "a satiable appetite" [syn: satiable, satisfiable].
Satisfier (n.) One who satisfies.
Satisfier (n.) Any agent capable of producing satisfaction.
Satisfy (v. i.) To give satisfaction; to afford gratification; to leave nothing to be desired.
Satisfy (v. i.) To make payment or atonement; to atone. -- Milton.
Satisfied (imp. & p. p.) of Satisfy.
Satisfying (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Satisfy.
Satisfy (v. t.) In general, to fill up the measure of a want of (a person or a thing); hence, to grafity fully the desire of; to make content; to supply to the full, or so far as to give contentment with what is wished for.
Death shall . . . with us two Be forced to satisfy his ravenous maw. -- Milton.
Satisfy (v. t.) To pay to the extent of claims or deserts; to give what is due to; as, to satisfy a creditor.
Satisfy (v. t.) To answer or discharge, as a claim, debt, legal demand, or the like; to give compensation for; to pay off; to requite; as, to satisfy a claim or an execution.
Satisfy (v. t.) To free from doubt, suspense, or uncertainty; to give assurance to; to set at rest the mind of; to convince; as, to satisfy one's self by inquiry.
The standing evidences of the truth of the gospel are in themselves most firm, solid, and satisfying. -- Atterbury.
Syn: To satiate; sate; content; grafity; compensate. See Satiate.
Satisfy (v.) Meet the requirements or expectations of [syn: satisfy, fulfill, fulfil, live up to] [ant: fall short of].
Satisfy (v.) Make happy or satisfied [syn: satisfy, gratify] [ant: dissatisfy].
Satisfy (v.) Fill or meet a want or need [syn: meet, satisfy, fill, fulfill, fulfil].
Satisfyingly (adv.) So as to satisfy; satisfactorily.
Satisfyingly (adv.) In a gratifying manner; "the performance was at a gratifyingly high level" [syn: gratifyingly, satisfyingly].
Sative (a.) Sown; propagated by seed. [Obs.] -- Evelyn.
Satle (v. t. & i.) To settle. [Obs.] -- Chaucer.
Satrap (n.) The governor of a province in ancient Persia; hence, a petty autocrat despot.
Satrap (n.) A governor of a province in ancient Persia
Satrapal (a.) Of or pertaining to a satrap, or a satrapy.
Satrapess (n.) A female satrap.
Satrapical (a.) Satrapal. [R.]
Satrapies (n. pl. ) of Satrapy.
Satrapy (n.) The government or jurisdiction of a satrap; a principality. -- Milton.
Satsuma ware (n.) (Fine Arts) A kind of ornamental hard-glazed pottery made at Satsuma in Kiushu, one of the Japanese islands.
Saturable (a.) Capable of being saturated; admitting of saturation. -- Sat`u*ra*bil"i*ty, n.
Saturant (a.) Impregnating to the full; saturating.
Saturant (n.) (Chem.) A substance used to neutralize or saturate the affinity of another substance.
Saturant (n.) (Med.) An antacid, as magnesia, used to correct acidity of the stomach.
Saturated (imp. & p. p.) of Saturate.
Saturating (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Saturate.
Saturate (v. t.) 浸透；滲透；使濕透 [H] [（+with）]； 使充滿 [H] [（+with）]；使飽和，使中和 [H] [（+with）] To cause to become completely penetrated, impregnated, or soaked; to fill fully; to sate.
Innumerable flocks and herds covered that vast expanse of emerald meadow saturated with the moisture of the Atlantic. -- Macaulay.
Fill and saturate each kind With good according to its mind. -- Emerson.
Saturate (v. t.) (Chem.) To satisfy the affinity of; to cause to become inert by chemical combination with all that it can hold; as, to saturate phosphorus with chlorine.
Saturate (p. a.) Filled to repletion; saturated; soaked.
Dries his feathers saturate with dew. -- Cowper.
The sand beneath our feet is saturate With blood of martyrs. -- Longfellow.
Saturate (v.) Cause (a chemical compound, vapour, solution, magnetic material) to unite with the greatest possible amount of another substance.
Saturate (v.) Infuse or fill completely; "Impregnate the cloth with alcohol" [syn: impregnate, saturate].
Saturated (a.) 【化】飽和的；滲透的；深顏色的；Saturate 的動詞過去式、過去分詞 Filled to repletion; holding by absorption, or in solution, all that is possible; as, saturated garments; a saturated solution of salt.
Saturated (a.) (Chem.) Having its affinity satisfied; combined with all it can hold; -- said of certain atoms, radicals, or compounds; thus, methane is a saturated compound. Contrasted with unsaturated.
Note: A saturated compound may exchange certain ingredients for others, but can not take on more without such exchange.
Saturated color (Optics), A color not diluted with white; a pure unmixed color, like those of the spectrum.
Saturated (a.) Being the most concentrated solution possible at a given temperature; unable to dissolve still more of a substance; "a saturated solution" [syn: saturated, concentrated] [ant: unsaturated].
Saturated (a.) Used especially of organic compounds; having all available valence bonds filled; "saturated fats" [ant: unsaturated].
Saturated (a.) (Of color) Being chromatically pure; not diluted with white or grey or black [syn: saturated, pure] [ant: unsaturated].
Saturation (n.) 浸透；【物】【化】飽和 The act of saturating, or the state of being saturating; complete penetration or impregnation.
Saturation (n.) (Chem.) The act, process, or result of saturating a substance, or of combining it to its fullest extent.
Saturation (n.) (Optics) Freedom from mixture or dilution with white; purity; -- said of colors.
Note: The degree of saturation of a color is its relative purity, or freedom from admixture with white.
Saturator (n.) [L.] One who, or that which, saturates.
Saturday (n.) The seventh or last day of the week; the day following Friday and preceding Sunday.
Saturday (n.) The seventh and last day of the week; observed as the Sabbath by Jews and some Christians [syn: Saturday, Sabbatum, Sat].
Saturity (n.) The state of being saturated; fullness of supply. [Obs.] -- Warner.
Saturn (n.) (Roman Myth.) One of the elder and principal deities, the son of Coelus and Terra (Heaven and Earth), and the father of Jupiter. The corresponding Greek divinity was Kro`nos, later CHro`nos, Time.
Saturn (n.) (Astron.) One of the planets of the solar system, next in magnitude to Jupiter, but more remote from the sun. Its diameter is seventy thousand miles, its mean distance from the sun nearly eight hundred and eighty millions of miles, and its year, or periodical revolution round the sun, nearly twenty-nine years and a half. It is surrounded by a remarkable system of rings, and has eight satellites.
Saturn (n.) (Alchem.) The metal lead. [Archaic]
Saturn (n.) A giant planet that is surrounded by three planar concentric rings of ice particles; the 6th planet from the sun.
Saturn (n.) (Roman mythology) God of agriculture and vegetation; counterpart of Greek Cronus; "Saturday is Saturn's Day."
Saturnalia (n. pl.) (Rom. Antiq.) The festival of Saturn, celebrated in December, originally during one day, but afterward during seven days, as a period of unrestrained license and merriment for all classes, extending even to the slaves.
Saturnalia (n. pl.) Hence: A period or occasion of general license, in which the passions or vices have riotous indulgence.
Saturnalia (n.) An orgiastic festival in ancient Rome in honor of Saturn.
Saturnalia (n.) A wild gathering involving excessive drinking and promiscuity [syn: orgy, debauch, debauchery, saturnalia, riot, bacchanal, bacchanalia, drunken revelry].
Saturnalian (a.) Of or pertaining to the Saturnalia.
Saturnalian (a.) Of unrestrained and intemperate jollity; riotously merry; dissolute. "Saturnalian amusement." -- Burke.
Saturnian (a.) (Roman Myth.) Of or pertaining to Saturn, whose age or reign, from the mildness and wisdom of his government, is called the golden age.
Saturnian (a.) Hence: Resembling the golden age; distinguished for peacefulness, happiness, contentment.
Augustus, born to bring Saturnian times. -- Pope.
Saturnian (a.) (Astron.) Of or pertaining to the planet Saturn; as, the Saturnian year.
Saturnian verse (Pros.), A meter employed by early Roman satirists, consisting of three iambics and an extra syllable followed by three trochees, as in the line: -- Th[e^] qu[=e]en | w[a^]s [imac]n | th[e^] k[imac]tch | [e^]n [=e]at[i^]ng | br[=e]ad [a^]nd | h[=o]n[e^]y.
Saturnian (n.) (Zool.) Any one of numerous species of large handsome moths belonging to Saturnia and allied genera. The luna moth, polyphemus, and promethea, are examples. They belong to the Silkworn family, and some are raised for their silk. See Polyphemus.
Saturnicentric (a.) (Astron.) Appearing as if seen from the center of the planet Saturn; relating or referred to Saturn as a center.
Saturnine (a.) Born under, or influenced by, the planet Saturn.
Saturnine (a.) Heavy; grave; gloomy; dull; -- the opposite of mercurial; as, a saturnine person or temper. --Addison.
Saturnine (a.) (Old Chem.) Of or pertaining to lead; characterized by, or resembling, lead, which was formerly called Saturn. [Archaic]
Saturnine colic (Med.), Lead colic.
Saturnine (a.) Bitter or scornful; "the face was saturnine and swarthy, and the sensual lips...twisted with disdain" -- Oscar Wilde
Saturnine (a.) Showing a brooding ill humor; "a dark scowl"; "the proverbially dour New England Puritan"; "a glum, hopeless shrug"; "he sat in moody silence"; "a morose and unsociable manner"; "a saturnine, almost misanthropic young genius" -- Bruce Bliven; "a sour temper"; "a sullen crowd" [syn: dark, dour, glowering, glum, moody, morose, saturnine, sour, sullen].
Saturnism (n.) (Med.) Plumbism. -- Quain.
Saturnism (n.) Toxic condition produced by the absorption of excessive lead into the system [syn: lead poisoning, plumbism, saturnism].
Saturnist (n.) A person of a dull, grave, gloomy temperament. -- W. Browne.
Satyr (n.) (Class. Myth.) A sylvan deity or demigod, represented as part man and part goat, and characterized by riotous merriment and lasciviousness.
Rough Satyrs danced; and Fauns, with cloven heel, From the glad sound would not be absent long. -- Milton.
Satyr (n.) (Zool.) Any one of many species of butterflies belonging to the family Nymphalidae. Their colors are commonly brown and gray, often with ocelli on the wings. Called also meadow browns.
Satyr (n.) (Zool.) The orang-outang.
Satyr (n.) Man with strong sexual desires [syn: satyr, lecher, lech, letch].
Satyr (n.) One of a class of woodland deities; attendant on Bacchus; identified with Roman fauns [syn: satyr, forest god].
Satyr, () Hairy one. Mentioned in Greek mythology as a creature composed of a man and a goat, supposed to inhabit wild and desolate regions. The Hebrew word is rendered also "goat" (Lev. 4:24) and "devil", i.e., an idol in the form of a goat (17:7; 2 Chr. 11:15). When it is said (Isa. 13:21; comp. 34:14) "the satyrs shall dance there," the meaning is that the place referred to shall become a desolate waste. Some render the Hebrew word "baboon," a species of which is found in Babylonia.
Satyr, (n.) One of the few characters of the Grecian mythology accorded recognition in the Hebrew. (Leviticus, xvii, 7.) The satyr was at first a member of the dissolute community acknowledging a loose allegiance with Dionysius, but underwent many transformations and improvements. Not infrequently he is confounded with the faun, a later and decenter creation of the Romans, who was less like a man and more like a goat.
Satyriasis (n.) Immoderate venereal appetite in the male. -- Quain. Satyric
Satyriasis (n.) Abnormally intense sexual desire in men.
Satyric (a.) Alt. of Satyrical.
Satyrical (a.) Of or pertaining to satyrs; burlesque; as, satyric tragedy. -- P. Cyc.
Satyrical (a.) Of or relating to or having the characteristics of a satyr; "this satyric old man pursues young girls" [syn: satyric, satyrical].
Satyrion (n.) (Bot.) Any one of several kinds of orchids. [Obs.]
Sauba ant (n.) (Zool.) A South American ant ({Oecodoma cephalotes) remarkable for having two large kinds of workers besides the ordinary ones, and for the immense size of its formicaries. The sauba ant cuts off leaves of plants and carries them into its subterranean nests, and thus often does great damage by defoliating trees and cultivated plants.
Sauced (imp. & p. p.) of Sauce.
Saucing (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Sauce.
Sauce (v. t.) To accompany with something intended to give a higher relish; to supply with appetizing condiments; to season; to flavor.
Sauce
(v. t.)
To cause to relish anything, as if with a sauce; to tickle or gratify, as the
palate; to please; to stimulate; hence, to cover, mingle, or dress, as if with
sauce; to make an application to. [R.]
Earth, yield me roots; Who seeks for better of thee, sauce his
palate With
thy most operant poison! -- Shak.
Sauce (v. t.) To make poignant; to give zest, flavor or interest to; to set off; to vary and render attractive.
Then
fell she to sauce her desires with threatenings. -- Sir P. Sidney.
Thou sayest his meat was sauced with thy upbraidings. -- Shak.
Sauce (v. t.) To treat with bitter, pert, or tart language; to be impudent or saucy to. [Colloq. or Low]
I'll sauce her with bitter words. -- Shak.
Sauce (n.) A composition of condiments and appetizing ingredients eaten with food as a relish; especially, a dressing for meat or fish or for puddings; as, mint sauce; sweet sauce, etc. "Poignant sauce." -- Chaucer.
High sauces and rich spices fetched from the Indies. -- Sir S. Baker.
Sauce (n.) Any garden vegetables eaten with meat. [Prov. Eng. & Colloq. U.S.] -- Forby. Bartlett.
Roots, herbs, vine fruits, and salad flowers . . . they dish up various ways, and find them very delicious sauce to their meats, both roasted and boiled, fresh and salt. -- Beverly.
Sauce (n.) Stewed or preserved fruit eaten with other food as a relish; as, apple sauce, cranberry sauce, etc. [U.S.] "Stewed apple sauce." --Mrs. Lincoln (Cook Book).
Sauce (n.) Sauciness; impertinence. [Low.] -- Haliwell.
To serve one the same sauce, To retaliate in the same kind. [Vulgar].
Sauce (n.) [F.] (Fine Art) A soft crayon for use in stump drawing or in shading with the stump.
Sauce (n.) Flavorful relish or dressing or topping served as an accompaniment to food.
Sauce (v.) 1: Behave saucily or impudently towards
Sauce (v.) Dress (food) with a relish.
Sauce (v.) Add zest or flavor to, make more interesting; "sauce the roast."
Sauce, (n.) The one infallible sign of civilization and enlightenment.
A people with no sauces has one thousand vices; a people with one sauce has only nine hundred and ninety-nine. For every sauce invented and accepted a vice is renounced and forgiven.
Sauce (n.) (Thick liquid) (A2) [ C or U ] 調味汁，醬 A thick liquid eaten with food to add flavour.
// A savoury/ sweet sauce.
// Tomato sauce.
Sauce (n.) [ U ] (Slang) 酒 Alcohol.
// He's been on the sauce (= drinking too much alcohol) again.
Sauce (n.) (Rudeness) [ U ] (Old-fashioned) 無禮的話，粗俗的話 Remarks that are rude or show no respect.
// That's enough of your sauce, my girl!
Idiom: What's sauce for the goose is sauce for the gander
What's sauce for the goose is sauce for the gander (Old-fashioned saying) 適用於此者也應適用於彼；應該一視同仁 Said to emphasize that if one person is allowed to do something or to behave in a particular way, then another person must be allowed to do that thing or behave in that way, too.
Sauce-alone (n.) (Bot.) Jack-by-the-hedge. See under Jack.
Sauce-alone (n.) European herb that smells like garlic [syn: garlic mustard, hedge garlic, sauce-alone, jack-by-the-hedge, Alliaria officinalis].
Saucebox (n.) A saucy, impudent person; especially, a pert child.
Saucebox, go, meddle with your lady's fan, And prate not here! -- A. Brewer.
Saucepan (n.) A small pan with a handle, in which sauce is prepared over a fire; a stewpan.
Saucepan (n.) A deep pan with a handle; used for stewing or boiling.
Saucepan (n.) [ C ] (B1) （長柄帶蓋的）深平底鍋，燉鍋 A deep, round pan with straight sides, usually with a handle and a lid, used for cooking things over heat.
Saucer (n.) A small pan or vessel in which sauce was set on a table. [Obs.] -- Bacon.
Saucer (n.) A small dish, commonly deeper than a plate, in which a cup is set at table.
Saucer (n.) Something resembling a saucer in shape. Specifically:
Saucer (n.) A flat, shallow caisson for raising sunken ships.
Saucer (n.) A shallow socket for the pivot of a capstan.
Saucer (n.) Something with a round shape resembling a flat circular plate; "the moon's disk hung in a cloudless sky" [syn: disk, disc, saucer].
Saucer (n.) A small shallow dish for holding a cup at the table.
Saucer (n.) Directional antenna consisting of a parabolic reflector for microwave or radio frequency radiation [syn: dish, dish aerial, dish antenna, saucer].
Saucer (n.) A disk used in throwing competitions [syn: discus, saucer].
Saucily (adv.) In a saucy manner; impudently; with impertinent boldness. -- Addison.
Saucily (adv.) In an impudent or impertinent manner; "a lean, swarthy fellow was peering through the window, grinning impudently" [syn: impertinently, saucily, pertly, freshly, impudently].
Sauciness (n.) The quality or state of being saucy; that which is saucy; impertinent boldness; contempt of superiors; impudence.
Your sauciness will jest upon my love. -- Shak.
Syn: Impudence; impertinence; rudeness; insolence. See Impudence. Saucisson
Sauciness (n.) Inappropriate playfulness [syn: impertinence, perkiness, pertness, sauciness, archness].
Saucisson (n.) Alt. of Saucisse
Saucisse (n.) (Mining or Gun.) A long and slender pipe or bag, made of cloth well pitched, or of leather, filled with powder, and used to communicate fire to mines, caissons, bomb chests, etc.
Saucisse (n.) (Fort.) A fascine of more than ordinary length.
Saucy (a.) Showing impertinent boldness or pertness; transgressing the rules of decorum; treating superiors with contempt; impudent; insolent; as, a saucy fellow.
Am I not protector, saucy priest? -- Shak.
Saucy (a.) Expressive of, or characterized by, impudence; impertinent; as, a saucy eye; saucy looks.
We then have done you bold and saucy wrongs. -- Shak.
Syn: Impudent; insolent; impertinent; rude.
Saucy (a.) Characterized by a lightly pert and exuberant quality; "a certain irreverent gaiety and ease of manner" [syn: impertinent, irreverent, pert, saucy].
Saucy (a.) Improperly forward or bold; "don't be fresh with me"; "impertinent of a child to lecture a grownup"; "an impudent boy given to insulting strangers"; "Don't get wise with me!" [syn: fresh, impertinent, impudent, overbold, smart, saucy, sassy, wise].
Saucy (a.) (Old-fashioned) 無禮的，粗魯的；色情的（尤指以一種幽默的方式） Rude and showing no respect, or referring to sex, especially in a humorous way.
// A saucy remark/ manner/ look.
// A saucy postcard/ magazine.
Saudi Arabia (n.) 沙烏地阿拉伯王國（阿拉伯語：المملكة العربية السعودية），通稱沙烏地或沙烏地阿拉伯（阿拉伯語：العربية السعودية），是一個位於西亞阿拉伯半島的阿拉伯國家。面積約2,149,690平 方公里，它是在阿拉伯世界中地理面積第二大的國家，僅次於阿爾及利亞。沙烏地阿拉伯北方與約旦和伊拉克接壤；東北與科威特接壤；東邊和卡達、巴林及阿拉伯 聯合大公國交界；東南方和阿曼接壤；南方則與葉門交界。它是唯一一個同時擁有紅海和波斯灣海岸線的國家，而它大部分的土地由不宜居的沙漠及貧瘠的荒野組 成。
現時的沙烏地阿拉伯由四個本來分明的區域－漢志、內志、部分東阿拉伯半島和部分南阿拉伯半島（阿西爾）組成 [5]。沙烏地阿拉伯王國是於1932年由伊本·沙烏地成立，他由1902年奪回沙烏地王朝歷史領地利雅德開始，相繼以征服統一了以上的四個區域。該國從此便一直是以根據伊斯蘭教原則、以君主專制的形式管治，瓦哈比派伊斯蘭教亦被稱為「沙烏地文化的首要特徵」 [6] [7]。沙烏地阿拉伯有時被稱為「兩聖寺之地」，因它的範圍包括了伊斯蘭教中兩個最神聖的聖地：麥加的禁寺及麥地那的先知寺。
沙烏地阿拉伯是世界上石油生產量及輸出量最高的國家，它同時亦控制了全球第二大的烴儲藏[8]。由於有石化燃料支持經濟，沙烏地阿拉伯被列為高收入經濟體之一，人類發展指數亦極高 [9]，且是唯一在二十國集團中的阿拉伯國家 [10] [11]。但是，它在海灣阿拉伯國家合作委員會成員中擁有最單一的經濟 [12]。它政治上保守偏右，作為伊斯蘭國教的背景為瓦哈比派，採用君主世襲制，且是由政教合一的威權政權實權統治 [13]，是被自由之家列為「不自由」的國家之一 [14]。沙烏地阿拉伯的國防開支在世界排行第四 [15] [16]，又在2010至2014年在斯德哥爾摩國際和平研究所世界軍備入口者排行中排行第二 [17]。它被分類為地域大國和中等強國 [18]。除了海灣阿拉伯國家合作委員會，它亦是伊斯蘭合作組織和石油輸出國家組織的成員 [19]。
沙烏地阿拉伯對女性權利的限制使沙烏地阿拉伯成為世界上唯一不容許女性駕駛車輛的國家。這一政策直至2017年才開始有所放寬。[20] 該國自2018年6月起將允許女性開車，這項歷史性決定讓全球唯一不准女性開車的國家也解禁。[21]
Saudi Arabia [C] Officially the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), [d] is a sovereign Arab state in Western Asia constituting the bulk of the Arabian Peninsula. With a land area of approximately 2,150,000 km2 (830,000 sq mi), Saudi Arabia is geographically the fifth-largest state in Asia and second-largest state in the Arab world after Algeria. Saudi Arabia is bordered by Jordan and Iraq to the north, Kuwait to the northeast, Qatar, Bahrain and the United Arab Emirates to the east, Oman to the southeast and Yemen to the south. It is separated from Israel and Egypt by the Gulf of Aqaba. It is the only nation with both a Red Sea coast and a Persian Gulf coast and most of its terrain consists of arid desert and mountains.
The area of modern-day Saudi Arabia formerly consisted of four distinct regions: Hejaz, Najd and parts of Eastern Arabia (Al-Ahsa) and Southern Arabia ('Asir). [7] The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was founded in 1932 by Ibn Saud. He united the four regions into a single state through a series of conquests beginning in 1902 with the capture of Riyadh, the ancestral home of his family, the House of Saud. Saudi Arabia has since been an absolute monarchy, effectively a hereditary dictatorship governed along Islamic lines. [8] [9] The ultraconservative Wahhabi religious movement within Sunni Islam has been called "the predominant feature of Saudi culture", with its global spread largely financed by the oil and gas trade. [8] [9] Saudi Arabia is sometimes called "the Land of the Two Holy Mosques" in reference to Al-Masjid al-Haram (in Mecca) and Al-Masjid an-Nabawi (in Medina), the two holiest places in Islam. The state has a total population of 28.7 million, of which 20 million are Saudi nationals and 8 million are foreigners. [10] The state's official language is Arabic.
Petroleum was discovered on 3 March 1938 and followed up by several other finds in the Eastern Province. [11] Saudi Arabia has since become the world's largest oil producer and exporter, controlling the world's second largest oil reserves and the sixth largest gas reserves. [12] The kingdom is categorized as a World Bank high-income economy with a high Human Development Index [13] and is the only Arab country to be part of the G-20 major economies. [14] However, the economy of Saudi Arabia is the least diversified in the Gulf Cooperation Council, lacking any significant service or production sector (apart from the extraction of resources).[15] The state has attracted criticism for its treatment of women and use of capital punishment. [16] Saudi Arabia is a monarchical autocracy,[17][18] has the fourth highest military expenditure in the world [19] [20] and SIPRI found that Saudi Arabia was the world's second largest arms importer in 2010–2014. [21] Saudi Arabia is considered a regional and middle power. [22] In addition to the GCC, it is an active member of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation and OPEC. [23]
Sauerkraut (n.) Cabbage cut fine and allowed to ferment in a brine made of its own juice with salt, -- a German dish.
Sauerkraut (n.) Shredded cabbage fermented in brine.
Sauf (a.) Safe. [Obs.] -- Chaucer.
Sauf (conj. & prep.) Save; except. [Obs.] "Sauf I myself." -- Chaucer.
Saufly (adv.) Safely. [Obs.] -- Chaucer.
Sauger (n.) (Zool.) An American fresh-water food fish ({Stizostedion Canadense); -- called also gray pike, blue pike, hornfish, land pike, sand pike, pickering, and pickerel. Saugh
Saugh () Alt. of Sauh.
Sauh () obs. imp. sing. of See. -- Chaucer.
Compare: Sacs
Sacs (n. pl.; sing. Sac.) (Ethnol.) A tribe of Indians, which, together with the Foxes, formerly occupied the region about Green Bay, Wisconsin. [Written also Sauks.]
Sauks (n. pl.) (Ethnol.) Same as Sacs.
Compare: Sal
Sal (n.) (Bot.) An East Indian timber tree ({Shorea robusta), much used for building purposes. It is of a light brown color, close-grained, heavy, and durable. [Written also saul.]
Saul (n.) Soul. [Obs.]
Saul (n.) Same as Sal, the tree.
Saul (n.) (Old Testament) The first king of the Israelites who defended Israel against many enemies (especially the Philistines).
Saul (n.) (New Testament) a Christian missionary to the Gentiles; author of several Epistles in the New Testament; even though Paul was not present at the Last Supper he is considered an Apostle; "Paul's name was Saul prior to his conversion to Christianity" [syn: Paul, Saint Paul, St. Paul, Apostle Paul, Paul the Apostle, Apostle of the Gentiles, Saul, Saul of Tarsus].
Saul, () asked for. (1.) A king of Edom (Gen. 36:37, 38); called Shaul in 1 Chr. 1:48.
Saul, () (2.) The son of Kish (probably his only son, and a child of prayer, "asked for"), of the tribe of Benjamin, the first king of the Jewish nation. The singular providential circumstances connected with his election as king are recorded in 1 Sam. 8-10. His father's she-asses had strayed, and Saul was sent with a servant to seek for them. Leaving his home at Gibeah (10:5, "the hill of God," A.V.; lit., as in R.V. marg., "Gibeah of God"), Saul and his servant went toward the north-west over Mount
Ephraim, and then turning north-east they came to "the land of Shalisha," and thence eastward to the land of Shalim, and at length came to the district of Zuph, near Samuel's home at Ramah (9:5-10). At this point Saul proposed to return from the three days' fruitless search, but his servant suggested that they should first consult the "seer." Hearing that he was about to offer sacrifice, the two hastened into Ramah, and "behold, Samuel came out against them," on his way to the "bamah", i.e., the "height", where sacrifice was to be offered; and in answer to Saul's question, "Tell me, I pray thee, where the seer's house is," Samuel made himself known to him. Samuel had been divinely prepared for his coming (9:15-17), and received Saul as his guest. He took him with him to the sacrifice, and then after the feast "communed with Saul upon the top of the house" of all that was in his heart. On the morrow Samuel "took a vial of oil and poured it on his head," and anointed Saul as king over Israel (9:25-10:8), giving him three signs in confirmation of his call to be king. When Saul reached his home in Gibeah the last of these signs was fulfilled, and the Sprit of God came upon him, and "he was turned into another man." The simple countryman was transformed into the king of Israel, a remarkable change suddenly took place in his whole demeanour, and the people said in their astonishment, as they looked on the stalwart son of Kish, "Is Saul also among the prophets?", a saying which passed into a "proverb." (Comp. 19:24.)
The intercourse between Saul and Samuel was as yet unknown to the people. The "anointing" had been in secret. But now the time had come when the transaction must be confirmed by the nation. Samuel accordingly summoned the people to a solemn assembly "before the Lord" at Mizpeh. Here the lot was drawn (10:17-27), and it fell upon Saul, and when he was presented before them, the stateliest man in all Israel, the air was rent for the first time in Israel by the loud cry, "God save the king!" He now returned to his home in Gibeah, attended by a kind of bodyguard, "a band of men whose hearts God had touched." On reaching his home he dismissed them, and resumed the quiet toils of his former life.
Soon after this, on hearing of the conduct of Nahash the Ammonite at Jabeshgilead (q.v.), an army out of all the tribes of Israel rallied at his summons to the trysting-place at Bezek, and he led them forth a great army to battle, gaining a complete victory over the Ammonite invaders at Jabesh (11:1-11). Amid the universal joy occasioned by this victory he was now fully recognized as the king of Israel. At the invitation of Samuel "all the people went to Gilgal, and there they made Saul king before the Lord in Gilgal." Samuel now officially anointed him as king (11:15). Although Samuel never ceased to be a judge in Israel, yet now his work in that capacity practically came to an end.
Saul now undertook the great and difficult enterprise of freeing the land from its hereditary enemies the Philistines, and for this end he gathered together an army of 3,000 men (1 Sam. 13:1, 2). The Philistines were encamped at Geba. Saul, with 2,000 men, occupied Michmash and Mount Bethel; while his son Jonathan, with 1,000 men, occupied Gibeah, to the south of Geba, and seemingly without any direction from his father "smote" the Philistines in Geba. Thus roused, the Philistines, who gathered an army of 30,000 chariots and 6,000 horsemen, and "people as the sand which is on the sea-shore in multitude," encamped in Michmash, which Saul had evacuated for Gilgal. Saul now tarried for seven days in Gilgal before making any movement, as Samuel had appointed (10:8); but becoming impatient on the seventh day, as it was drawing to a close, when he had made an end of offering the burnt offering, Samuel appeared and warned him of the fatal consequences of his act of disobedience, for he had not waited long enough (13:13, 14).
When Saul, after Samuel's departure, went out from Gilgal with his 600 men, his followers having decreased to that number (13:15), against the Philistines at Michmash (q.v.), he had his head-quarters under a pomegrante tree at Migron, over against Michmash, the Wady esSuweinit alone intervening. Here at Gibeah-Geba Saul and his army rested, uncertain what to do.
Jonathan became impatient, and with his armour-bearer planned an assault against the Philistines, unknown to Saul and the army (14:1-15). Jonathan and his armour-bearer went down into the wady, and on their hands and knees climbed to the top of the narrow rocky ridge called Bozez, where was the outpost of the Philistine army. They surprised and then slew twenty of the Philistines, and immediately the whole host of the Philistines was thrown into disorder and fled in great terror. "It was a very great trembling;" a supernatural panic seized the host.
Saul and his 600 men, a band which speedily increased to 10,000, perceiving the confusion, pursued the army of the Philistines, and the tide of battle rolled on as far as to Bethaven, halfway between Michmash and Bethel. The Philistines were totally routed. "So the Lord saved Israel that day." While pursuing the Philistines, Saul rashly adjured the people, saying, "Cursed be the man that eateth any food until evening." But though faint and weary, the Israelites "smote the Philistines that day from Michmash to Aijalon" (a distance of from 15 to 20 miles).
Jonathan had, while passing through the wood in pursuit of the Philistines, tasted a little of the honeycomb which was abundant there (14:27). This was afterwards discovered by Saul (ver. 42), and he threatened to put his son to death. The people, however, interposed, saying, "There shall not one hair of his head fall to the ground." He whom God had so signally owned, who had "wrought this great salvation in Israel," must not die. "Then Saul went up from following the Philistines: and the Philistines went to their own place" (1 Sam. 14:24-46); and thus the campaign against the Philistines came to an end. This was Saul's second great military success.
Saul's reign, however, continued to be one of almost constant war against his enemies round about (14:47, 48), in all of which he proved victorious. The war against the Amalekites is the only one which is recorded at length (1 Sam. 15). These oldest and hereditary (Ex. 17:8; Num. 14:43-45) enemies of Israel occupied the territory to the south and south-west of Palestine. Samuel summoned Saul to execute the "ban" which God had pronounced (Deut. 25:17-19) on this cruel and relentless foe of Israel. The cup of their iniquity was now full. This command was "the test of his moral qualification for being king." Saul proceeded to execute the divine command; and gathering the people together, marched from Telaim (1 Sam. 15:4) against the Amalekites, whom he smote "from Havilah until thou comest to Shur," utterly destroying "all the people with the edge of the sword", i.e., all that fell into his hands. He was, however, guilty of rebellion and disobedience in sparing Agag their king, and in conniving at his soldiers' sparing the best of the sheep and cattle; and Samuel, following Saul to Gilgal, in the Jordan valley, said unto him, "Because thou hast rejected the word of the Lord, he also hath rejected thee from being king" (15:23).
The kingdom was rent from Saul and was given to another, even to David, whom the Lord chose to be Saul's successor, and whom Samuel anointed (16:1-13). From that day "the spirit of the Lord departed from Saul, and an evil spirit from the Lord troubled him." He and Samuel parted only to meet once again at one of the schools of the prophets.
David was now sent for as a "cunning player on an harp" (1 Sam. 16:16, 18), to play before Saul when the evil spirit troubled him, and thus was introduced to the court of Saul. He became a great favourite with the king. At length David returned to his father's house and to his wonted avocation as a shepherd for perhaps some three years. The Philistines once more invaded the land, and gathered their army between Shochoh and Azekah, in Ephes-dammim, on the southern slope of the valley of Elah. Saul and the men of Israel went forth to meet them, and encamped on the northern slope of the same valley which lay between the two armies. It was here that David slew Goliath of Gath, the champion of the Philistines (17:4-54), an exploit which led to the flight and utter defeat of the Philistine army. Saul now took David permanently into his service (18:2); but he became jealous of him (ver. 9), and on many occasions showed his enmity toward him (ver. 10, 11), his enmity ripening into a purpose of murder which at different times he tried in vain to carry out.
After some time the Philistines "gathered themselves together" in the plain of Esdraelon, and pitched their camp at Shunem, on the slope of Little Hermon; and Saul "gathered all Israel together," and "pitched in Gilboa" (1 Sam. 28:3-14). Being unable to discover the mind of the Lord, Saul, accompanied by two of his retinue, betook himself to the "witch of Endor," some 7 or 8 miles distant. Here he was overwhelmed by the startling communication that was mysteriously made to him by Samuel (ver. 16-19), who appeared to him. "He fell straightway all along on the earth, and was sore afraid, because of the words of Samuel" (ver. 20). The Philistine host "fought against Israel: and the men of Israel fled before the Philistines, and fell down slain in Mount Gilboa" (31:1). In his despair at the disaster that had befallen his army, Saul "took a sword and fell upon it." And the Philistines on the morrow "found Saul and his three sons fallen in Mount Gilboa." Having cut off his head, they sent it with his weapons to Philistia, and hung up the skull in the temple of Dagon at Ashdod. They suspended his headless body, with that of Jonathan, from the walls of Bethshan. The men of Jabesh-gilead afterwards removed the bodies from this position; and having burnt the flesh, they buried the bodies under a tree at Jabesh.
The remains were, however, afterwards removed to the family sepulchre at Zelah (2 Sam. 21:13, 14). (See DAVID.)
Saul, () (3.) "Who is also called Paul" (q.v.), the circumcision name of the apostle, given to him, perhaps, in memory of King Saul (Acts 7:58; 8:1; 9:1).
Saul, () Demanded; lent; ditch; death
Saulie (n.) A hired mourner at a funeral. [Scot.] -- Sir W. Scott.