Webster's Unabridged Dictionary - Letter R - Page 11
Ratch (n.) (Zool.) Same as Rotche.
Ratch (n.) A ratchet wheel, or notched bar, with which a pawl or click works.
Ratch (n.) Mechanical device consisting of a toothed wheel or rack engaged with a pawl that permits it to move in only one direction [syn: ratchet, rachet, ratch].
Ratchel (n.) Gravelly stone. [Prov. Eng.]
Ratchet (n.) A pawl, click, or detent, for holding or propelling a ratchet wheel, or ratch, etc.
Ratchet (n.) A mechanism composed of a ratchet wheel, or ratch, and pawl. See Ratchet wheel, below, and 2d Ratch.
Ratchet brace (Mech.), A boring brace, having a ratchet wheel and pawl for rotating the tool by back and forth movements of the brace handle.
Ratchet drill, A portable machine for working a drill by hand, consisting of a hand lever carrying at one end a drill holder which is revolved by means of a ratchet wheel and pawl, by swinging the lever back and forth.
Ratchet wheel (Mach.), A circular wheel having teeth, usually angular, with which a reciprocating pawl engages to turn the wheel forward, or a stationary pawl to hold it from turning backward.
Note: In
the cut, the moving pawl c slides over the teeth in one direction, but in returning,
draws the wheel with it, while the pawl d prevents it from
turning in the contrary direction.
Ratchet (n.) Mechanical device consisting of
a toothed wheel or rack engaged with a pawl that permits it to move
in only one direction [syn: ratchet, rachet, ratch].
Ratchet (v.) Move by degrees in one direction only; "a ratcheting lopping tool" [syn: ratchet, rachet up, ratchet down].
Rate (v. t. & i.) To chide with vehemence; to scold; to censure violently; to berate. -- Spenser.
Go, rate thy minions, proud, insulting boy! -- Shak.
Conscience is a check to beginners in sin, reclaiming them from it, and rating them for it. -- Barrow.
Rate (n.) Established portion or measure; fixed allowance.
The one right feeble through the evil rate Of food which in her duress she had found. -- Spenser.
Rate (n.) That which is established as a measure or criterion; degree; standard; rank; proportion; ratio; as, a slow rate of movement; rate of interest is the ratio of the interest to the principal, per annum.
Heretofore the rate and standard of wit was different from what it is nowadays. -- South.
In this did his holiness and godliness appear above the rate and pitch of other men's, in that he was so . . . merciful. -- Calamy.
Many of the horse could not march at that rate, nor come up soon enough. -- Clarendon.
Rate (n.) Valuation; price
fixed with relation to a standard; cost; charge; as, high or low rates of
transportation.
They come at dear rates from Japan. -- Locke.
Rate (n.) A tax or sum assessed by authority on property for public use, according to its income or value; esp., in England, a local tax; as, parish rates; town rates.
Rate (n.) Order; arrangement. [Obs.]
Thus sat they all around in seemly rate. -- Spenser.
Rate (n.) Ratification; approval. [R.] -- Chapman.
Rate (n.) (Horol.) The gain or loss of a timepiece in a unit of time; as, daily rate; hourly rate; etc.
Rate (n.) (Naut.) The order or class to which a war vessel belongs, determined according to its size, armament, etc.; as, first rate, second rate, etc.
Rate (n.) (Naut.) The class of a merchant vessel for marine insurance, determined by its relative safety as a risk, as A1, A2, etc.
Rated (imp. & p. p.) of Rate.
Rating (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Rate.
Rate (v. t.) To set a certain estimate on; to value at a certain price or degree.
To rate a man by the nature of his companions is a rule frequent indeed, but not infallible. -- South.
You seem not high enough your joys to rate. -- Dryden.
Rate (v. t.) To assess for the payment of a rate or tax.
Rate (v. t.) To settle the relative scale, rank, position, amount, value, or quality of; as, to rate a ship; to rate a seaman; to rate a pension.
Rate (v. t.) To ratify. [Obs.] "To rate the truce." -- Chapman.
To rate a chronometer, To ascertain the exact rate of its gain or loss as compared with true time, so as to make an
allowance or computation dependent thereon.
Syn: To value; appraise; estimate; reckon.
Rate (v. i.) To be set or considered in a class; to have rank; as, the ship rates as a ship of the line.
Rate (v. i.) To make an estimate.
Rate (n.) A magnitude or frequency relative to a time unit; "they traveled at a rate of 55 miles per hour"; "the rate of change was faster than expected."
Rate (n.) Amount of a charge or payment relative to some basis; "a 10-minute phone call at that rate would cost $5" [syn: rate, charge per unit].
Rate (n.) The relative speed of progress or change; "he lived at a fast pace"; "he works at a great rate"; "the pace of events accelerated" [syn: pace, rate].
Rate (n.) A quantity or amount or measure considered as a proportion of another quantity or amount or measure; "the literacy rate"; "the retention rate"; "the dropout rate."
Rate (v.) Assign a rank or rating to; "how would you rank these students?"; "The restaurant is rated highly in the food guide" [syn: rate, rank, range, order, grade, place].
Rate (v.) Be worthy of or have a certain rating; "This bond rates highly."
Rate (v.) Estimate the value of; "How would you rate his chances to become President?"; "Gold was rated highly among the Romans" [syn: rate, value].
Rate. () A public valuation or assessment of every man's estate; or the ascertaining how much tax every one shall pay. Vide Pow. Mortg. Index, h.t.; Harr. Dig. h.t.; 1 Hopk. C. R. 87.
Rateable (a.) See Ratable.
Ratel (n.) Any carnivore of the genus Mellivora, allied to the weasels and the skunks; -- called also honey badger.
Ratepayer (n.) One who pays rates or taxes.
Rater (n.) One who rates or estimates.
Rater (n.) One who rates or scolds.
Ratfish (n.) Same as Rat-tail.
Rath (n.) A hill or mound.
Rath (n.) A kind of ancient fortification found in Ireland.
Rath (a.) Alt. of Rathe.
Rathe (a.) Coming before others, or before the usual time; early.
Rath (adv.) Alt. of Rathe.
Rathe (adv.) Early; soon; betimes.
Rather (a.) Prior; earlier; former.
Rather (a.) Earlier; sooner; before.
Rather (a.) More readily or willingly; preferably.
Rather (a.) On the other hand; to the contrary of what was said or suggested; instead.
Rather (a.) Of two alternatives conceived of, this by preference to, or as more likely than, the other; somewhat.
Rather (a.) More properly; more correctly speaking.
Rather (a.) In some degree; somewhat; as, the day is rather warm; the house is rather damp.
Rathripe (a.) Rareripe, or early ripe.
Rathripe (n.) A rareripe.
Ratification (n.) The act of ratifying; the state of being ratified; confirmation; sanction; as, the ratification of a treaty.
Ratification (n.) [ U ] (Law, politics) 批准；承認 The act of voting on a decision or signing a written agreement to make it official.
// The European Parliament's most vital responsibility is ratification of the EU budget.
// The union has scheduled a ratification vote for noon Wednesday.
Ratifier (n.) One who, or that which, ratifies; a confirmer.
Ratified (imp. & p. p.) of Ratify.
Ratifying (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Ratify.
Ratify (n.) To approve and sanction; to make valid; to confirm; to establish; to settle; especially, to give sanction to, as something done by an agent or servant; as, to ratify an agreement, treaty, or contract; to ratify a nomination.
Ratify (v.) [ T ] (Formal) (Especially of governments or organizations) （尤指政府或組織）正式批准，使正式生效，正式簽署 To make an agreement official.
// Many countries have now ratified the UN convention on the rights of the child.
// The decision will have to be ratified (= approved) by the executive board.
Ratihabition (n.) Confirmation or approbation, as of an act or contract.
Ratio (n.) (Math.) The relation which one quantity or magnitude has to another of the same kind. It is expressed by the quotient of the division of the first by the second; thus, the ratio of 3 to 6 is expressed by 3/ 6 or 1/2; of a to b by a/b; or (less commonly) the second term is made the dividend; as, a:b = b/a.
Note: Some writers consider ratio as the quotient itself, making ratio equivalent to a number.
The term ratio is also sometimes applied to the difference of two quantities as well as to their quotient, in which case the former is called arithmetical ratio, the latter, geometrical ratio. The name ratio is sometimes given to the rule of three in arithmetic. See under Rule.
Ratio (n.) Hence, fixed relation of number, quantity, or degree; rate; proportion; as, the ratio of representation in Congress.
Compound ratio, Duplicate ratio, Inverse ratio, etc.
See under Compound, Duplicate, etc.
Ratio of a geometrical progression, The constant quantity by which each term is multiplied to produce the succeeding one.
Ratio (n.) The relative magnitudes of two quantities (usually expressed as a quotient).
Ratio (n.) The relation between things (or parts of things) with respect to their comparative quantity, magnitude, or degree; "an inordinate proportion of the book is given over to quotations"; "a dry martini has a large proportion of gin" [syn: proportion, ratio].
Ratiocinate (v. i.) To reason, esp. deductively; to offer reason or argument.
Ratiocination (n.) 推理，推論 The process of reasoning, or deducing conclusions from premises; deductive reasoning.
Ratiocination (n.) The proposition arrived at by logical reasoning (such as the proposition that must follow from the major and minor premises of a syllogism) [syn: {conclusion}, {ratiocination}].
Ratiocination (n.) Logical and methodical reasoning.
Ratiocinative (a.) Characterized by, or addicted to, ratiocination; consisting in the comparison of propositions or facts, and the deduction of inferences from the comparison; argumentative; as, a ratiocinative process.
Ratiocinatory (a.) Ratiocinative.
Ration (n.) A fixed daily allowance of provisions assigned to a soldier in the army, or a sailor in the navy, for his subsistence.
Ration (n.) Hence, a certain portion or fixed amount dealt out; an allowance; an allotment.
Ration (v. t.) To supply with rations, as a regiment.
Rational (a.) 理性的，有理性的；明事理的；基於理性的，合理的 Relating to the reason; not physical; mental.
Rational (a.) Having reason, or the faculty of reasoning; endowed with reason or understanding; reasoning.
Rational (a.) Agreeable to reason; not absurd, preposterous, extravagant, foolish, fanciful, or the like; wise; judicious; as, rational conduct; a rational man.
Rational (a.) Expressing the type, structure, relations, and reactions of a compound; graphic; -- said of formulae. See under Formula.
Rational (n.) [C] 合理的事物；【數】有理數 A rational being.
Rational (a.) Consistent with or based on or using reason; "rational behavior"; "a process of rational inference"; "rational thought" [ant: {irrational}].
Rational (a.) Of or associated with or requiring the use of the mind; "intellectual problems"; "the triumph of the rational over the animal side of man" [syn: {intellectual}, {rational}, {noetic}].
Rational (a.) Capable of being expressed as a quotient of integers; "rational numbers" [ant: {irrational}].
Rational (a.) Having its source in or being guided by the intellect (as distinguished from experience or emotion); "a rational analysis".
Rational (n.) An integer or a fraction [syn: {rational number}, {rational}].
Rationale (a.) An explanation or exposition of the principles of some opinion, action, hypothesis, phenomenon, or the like; also, the principles themselves.
Rationalism (n.) 理性主義；唯理主義 The doctrine or system of those who deduce their religious opinions from reason or the understanding, as distinct from, or opposed to, revelation.
Rationalism (n.) The system that makes rational power the ultimate test of truth; -- opposed to sensualism, or sensationalism, and empiricism.
Rationalism (n.) (philosophy) The doctrine that knowledge is acquired by reason without resort to experience.
Rationalism (n.) The theological doctrine that human reason rather than divine revelation establishes religious truth.
Rationalism (n.) The doctrine that reason is the right basis for regulating conduct [syn: {rationalism}, {freethinking}].
Rationalist (n.) One who accepts rationalism as a theory or system; also, disparagingly, a false reasoner. See Citation under Reasonist.
Rationalistic (a.) Alt. of Rationalistical.
Rationalistical (a.) Belonging to, or in accordance with, the principles of rationalism.
-ties (n. pl. ) of Rationality.
Rationality (n.) The quality or state of being rational; agreement with reason; possession of reason; due exercise of reason; reasonableness.
Rationalization (n.) The act or process of rationalizing.
Rationalize (v. t.) 使合理，合理地處理，使成有理數 To make rational; also, to convert to rationalism.
Rationalize (v. t.) To interpret in the manner of a rationalist.
Rationalize (v. t.) To form a rational conception of.
Rationalize (v. t.) To render rational; to free from radical signs or quantities.
Rationalize (v. i.) 合理地思考 To use, and rely on, reason in forming a theory, belief, etc., especially in matters of religion: to accord with the principles of rationalism.
Rationalize (v.) Defend, explain, clear away, or make excuses for by reasoning; "rationalize the child's seemingly crazy behavior"; "he rationalized his lack of success" [syn: {apologize}, {apologise}, {excuse}, {justify}, {rationalize}, {rationalise}].
Rationalize (v.) Weed out unwanted or unnecessary things; "We had to lose weight, so we cut the sugar from our diet" [syn: {cut}, {prune}, {rationalize}, {rationalise}].
Rationalize (v.) Structure and run according to rational or scientific principles in order to achieve desired results; "We rationalized the factory's production and raised profits" [syn: {rationalize}, {rationalise}].
Rationalize (v.) Think rationally; employ logic or reason; "When one wonders why one is doing certain things, one should rationalize" [syn: {rationalize}, {rationalise}].
Rationalize (v.) Remove irrational quantities from; "This function can be rationalized" [syn: {rationalize}, {rationalise}].
Rationally (adv.) 講道理地；理性地 In a rational manner.
Rationalness (n.) 合理性；（常複數）合理的行動（或見解、措施等） The quality or state of being rational; rationality.
Ratitae (n. pl.) 走禽 An order of birds in which the wings are small, rudimentary, or absent, and the breastbone is destitute of a keel. The ostrich, emu, moa, and apteryx are examples.
Ratitate (a.) Of or pertaining to the Ratitae.
Ratite (a.) Of or pertaining to the Ratitae.
Ratite (n.) One of the Ratitae.
Ratite (n.) A ratite is any of a diverse group of flightless and mostly large and long-legged birds of the infraclass Palaeognathae. The systematics involved have been in flux. Some sources state that ratites include all the flightless birds of the Palaeognathae; [4] previously, all these birds had been assigned to the order Struthioniformes, which is more recently regarded as containing only the ostrich. [1] [5] The modern bird superorder Palaeognathae consists of ratites and flighted Neotropic tinamous (compare to Neognathae). [6] Unlike other flightless birds, the ratites have no keel on their sternum – hence the name from the Latin ratis (raft, a vessel which has no keel). Without this to anchor their wing muscles, they could not fly even if they were to develop suitable wings.[citation needed] Recent research has indicated that ratites are a paraphyletic group; tinamous fall within them, and are the sister group of the extinct moa. [6] [7] [8] [9] This implies that flightlessness is a trait that evolved independently multiple times in different ratite lineages. [8]
Most parts of the former supercontinent Gondwana have ratites, or did have until the fairly recent past. [10] [11] So did Europe in the Paleocene and Eocene, from where the first flightless paleognaths are known. [12] Ostriches were present in Asia as recently as the Holocene, although the genus is thought to have originated in Africa. [13] However, the ostrich order may have evolved in Eurasia. [13] A recent study posits a Laurasian origin for the clade. [14]
Ratlines (n. pl.) Alt. of Ratlins.
Ratlins (n. pl.) The small transverse ropes attached to the shrouds and forming the steps of a rope ladder.
Raton (n.) A small rat.
Ratoon (n.) Same as Rattoon, n.
Ratoon (n.) A rattan cane.
Ratoon (v. i.) Same as Rattoon, v. i.
Ratsbane (n.) Rat poison; white arsenic.
Ratsbaned (a.) Poisoned by ratsbane.
Rat-tail (a.) Like a rat's tail in form; as, a rat-tail file, which is round, slender, and tapering. See Illust. of File.
Rat-tail (n.) An excrescence growing from the pastern to the middle of the shank of a horse.
Rat-tail (n.) The California chimaera. See Chimaera.
Rat-tail (n.) Any fish of the genus Macrurus. See Grenadier, 2.
Rat-tailed (a.) Having a long, tapering tail like that of a rat.
Rattan (n.) One of the long slender flexible stems of several species of palms of the genus Calamus, mostly East Indian, though some are African and Australian. They are exceedingly tough, and are used for walking sticks, wickerwork, chairs and seats of chairs, cords and cordage, and many other purposes.
Ratteen (n.) A thick woolen stuff quilled or twilled.
Ratten (v. t.) To deprive feloniously of the tools used in one's employment (as by breaking or stealing them), for the purpose of annoying; as, to ratten a mechanic who works during a strike.