Webster's Unabridged Dictionary - Letter P - Page 57
Phrenologist (n.) 骨相學家 One versed in phrenology; a craniologist.
Phrenologist (n.) Someone who claims to be able to read your character from the shape of your skull [syn: {phrenologist}, {craniologist}].
Phrenology (n.) 骨相學；骨理學 The science of the special functions of the several parts of the brain, or of the supposed connection between the various faculties of the mind and particular organs in the brain.
Phrenology (n.) In popular usage, the obsolete physiological hypothesis of Gall, that the mental faculties, and traits of character, are shown on the surface of the head or skull; craniology. it is considered a pseudo-science by all reputable medical personnel, but is still believed by some people.
Syn: craniognomy.
Note: Gall marked out on his model of the head the places of twenty-six organs, as round inclosures with vacant interspaces. Spurzheim and Combe divided the whole scalp into oblong and conterminous patches. -- Encyc. Brit.
Phrenology (n.) A now abandoned study of the shape of skull as indicative of the strengths of different faculties.
Phrenology (n.) The science of picking the pocket through the scalp. It consists in locating and exploiting the organ that one is a dupe with.
Phrenomagnetic (a.) (Not comparable) Of or relating to phrenomagnetism.
Phrenomagnetism (n.) 電磁場 The power of exciting the organs of the brain by magnetic or mesmeric influence.
Phrenosin (n.) [See Phrenic.] (Physiol. Chem.) A cerebroside, related to cerebrin, present in white matter of the brain.
Syn: cerebron.
Phrensied (p. p. & a.) See Frenzied.
Phrensy (v. t.) To render frantic.
Phrensy (n.) Violent and irrational excitement; delirium. See Frenzy.
Phrentic (n. & a.) See Phrenetic. [Obs.]
Phryganeid (n.) (Zool.) Any insect belonging to the Phryganeides.
Phryganeides (n. pl.) (Zool.) A tribe of neuropterous insects which includes the caddice flies; -- called also Trichoptera. See Trichoptera. [Written also Phryganides.]
Phrygian (a.) Of or pertaining to Phrygia, or to its inhabitants.
Phrygian mode (Mus.), One of the ancient Greek modes, very bold and vehement in style; -- so called because fabled to have been invented by the Phrygian Marsyas. -- Moore (Encyc. of Music).
Phrygian stone, A light, spongy stone, resembling a pumice, -- used by the ancients in dyeing, and said to be drying and astringent.
Phrygian (n.) A native or inhabitant of Phrygia.
Phrygian (n.) (Eccl. Hist.) A Montanist.
Phrygian (n.) A native or inhabitant of Phrygia.
Phrygian (n.) A Thraco-Phrygian language spoken by the ancient inhabitants of Phrygia and now extinct -- preserved only in a few inscriptions.
Phthalate (n.) (Chem.) A salt of phthalic acid.
Phthalein (n.) [See Phthalic.] (Chem.) One of a series of artificial organic dyes made as condensation products of the phenols with phthalic acid, and well represented by phenol phthalein. Their alkaline solutions are fluorescent.
Phenol phthalein, A white or yellowish white crystalline substance made from phthalic acid and phenol. Same as phenolphthalein.
Phthalic (a.) (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, a dibasic acid obtained by the oxidation of naphthalene and allied substances.
Phthalic acid (Chem.), A white crystalline substance, C6H4.(CO2H)2, analogous to benzoic acid, and employed in the brilliant dyestuffs called the phthaleins.
Compare: Naphthalic
Naphthalic (a.) (Chem.) 萘二甲酸 (Naphthalic aicd); Pertaining to, derived from, or related to, naphthalene; -- formerly used to denote any one of a series of acids derived from naphthalene, and called naphthalene acids, now specifically referring to 1,8-naphthalenedicaboxylic acid, C12H8O4.
Naphthalic (a.) (Chem.) Formerly, designating an acid probably identical with phthalic acid.
Compare: Naphthalene
Naphthalene (n.) (Chem.) 【化】臭樟腦，石腦油精；萘 A white crystalline aromatic hydrocarbon, C10H8, analogous to benzene, and obtained by the distillation of certain bituminous materials, such as the heavy oil of coal tar. It is the type and basis of a large number of derivatives among organic compounds. Formerly called also naphthaline.
Naphthalene red (Chem.), A dyestuff obtained from certain diazo derivatives of naphthylamine, and called also magdala red.
Naphthalene yellow (Chem.), A yellow dyestuff obtained from certain nitro derivatives of naphthol.
Naphthalene (n.) A white crystalline strong-smelling hydrocarbon made from coal tar or petroleum and used in organic synthesis and as a fumigant in mothballs.
Phthalide (n.) (Chem.) A lactone ({C8H6O2) obtained as a white crystalline substance by reduction of phthalyl chloride and other processes; hence, by extension, any one of the series of which phthalide proper is the type. [Written also phthalid.]
Phthalide (n.) Specifically: A fungicide ({C8H2Cl4O2) which is a tetrachloro derivative of phthalide[1] proper; in this sense, the spelling fthalide is also used. It has CAS Registry Number 27355-22-2.
Syn: 4,5,6,7-tetrachloro-1(3H)-isobenzofuranone.
Phthalimide (n.) (Chem.) An imido derivative of phthalic acid, obtained as a white crystalline substance, C6H4.(CO)2NH, which has itself (like succinimide) acid properties, and forms a series of salts. Cf. Imido acid, under Imido.
Phthalin (n.) (Chem.) A colorless crystalline substance obtained by reduction from phthalein, into which it is easily converted by oxidation; hence, any one of the series of which phthalin proper is the type.
Phthalyl (n.) (Chem.) The hypothetical radical of phthalic acid.
Phthiriasis (n.) (Med.) A disease (morbus pediculous) consisting in the excessive multiplication of lice on the human body.
Phthisic (n.) Same as Phthisis.
Phthisical (a.) Of or pertaining to phthisis; affected with phthisis; wasting; consumptive.
Phthisicky (a.) Having phthisis, or some symptom of it, as difficulty in breathing.
Phthisiology (n.) (Med.) A treatise on phthisis. -- Dunglison. Phthisipneumonia
Phthisipneumonia (n.) Alt. of Phthisipneumony.
Phthisipneumony (n.) (Med.) Pulmonary consumption; tuberculosis of the lungs. [obs.]
Phthisis (n.) (Med.) A wasting or consumption of the tissues. The term is now obsolete; it was once applied to many wasting diseases, but in the early 1900's became restricted to tuberculosis of the lungs (pulmonary phthisis, or consumption). See Consumption. [Obs.]
Fibroid phthisis. See under Fibroid.
Phthisis (n.) Involving the lungs with progressive wasting of the body [syn: pulmonary tuberculosis, consumption, phthisis, wasting disease, white plague].
Phthongal (a.) Formed into, or characterized by, voice; vocalized; -- said of all the vowels and the semivowels, also of the vocal or sonant consonants g, d, b, l, r, v, z, etc.
Phthongal (n.) A vocalized element or letter.
Phthongometer (n.) An instrument for measuring vocal sounds. -- Whewell.
Phthor (n.) (Old Chem.) Fluorine. [Written also phthor.]
Phycite (n.) (Chem.) See Erythrite, 1.
Compare: Erythrite
Erythrite (n.) (Chem.) 【礦】鈷華；【化】丁四醇 A colorless crystalline substance, C4H6.(OH)4, of a sweet, cooling taste, extracted from certain lichens, and obtained by the decomposition of erythrin; -- called also erythrol, erythroglucin, erythromannite, pseudorcin, cobalt bloom, and under the name phycite obtained from the alga Protococcus vulgaris. It is a tetrabasic alcohol, corresponding to glycol and glycerin.
Phycochrome (n.) (Bot.) A bluish green coloring matter of certain algae. Phycocyanin
Phycocyanin (n.) Alt. of Phycocyanine.
Phycocyanine (n.) A blue coloring matter found in certain algae.
Phycoerythrin (n.) Alt. of Phycoerythrine.
Phycoerythrine (n.) A red coloring matter found in algae of the subclass Florideae.
Phycography (n.) A description of seaweeds.
Phycology (n.) The science of algae, or seaweeds; algology.
Phycomater (n.) A gelatin in which the algae spores have been supposed to vegetate.
Phycophaeine (n.) A brown coloring matter found in certain algae.
Phycoxanthin (n.) Alt. of Phycoxanthine.
Phycoxanthine (n.) A yellowish coloring matter found in certain algae.
Phylacter (n.) A phylactery.
Phylactered (a.) Wearing a phylactery.
Phylacteric (a.) Alt. of Phylacterical.
Phylacterical (a.) Of or pertaining to phylacteries.
Phylacteries (n. pl. ) of Phylactery.
Phylactery (n.) Any charm or amulet worn as a preservative from danger or disease.
Phylactery (n.) A small square box, made either of parchment or of black calfskin, containing slips of parchment or vellum on which are written the scriptural passages Exodus xiii. 2-10, and 11-17, Deut. vi. 4-9, 13-22. They are worn by Jews on the head and left arm, on week-day mornings, during the time of prayer.
Phylactery (n.) Among the primitive Christians, a case in which the relics of the dead were inclosed.
Phylactocarp (n.) A branch of a plumularian hydroid specially modified in structure for the protection of the gonothecae.
Phylactolaema (n. pl.) Alt. of Phylactolaemata.
Phylactolaemata (n. pl.) An order of fresh-water Bryozoa in which the tentacles are arranged on a horseshoe-shaped lophophore, and the mouth is covered by an epistome. Called also Lophopoda, and hippocrepians.
Phylactolaematous (a.) Of or pertaining to the Phylactolaema.
Phylactolema (n. pl.) Alt. of Phylactolemata.
Phylactolemata (n. pl.) Same as Phylactolaema.
Phylarch (n.) The chief of a phyle, or tribe.
Phylarchy (n.) The office of a phylarch; government of a class or tribe.
Phylae (n. pl. ) of Phyle.
Phyle (n.) A local division of
the people in ancient
Phyllite (n.) A mineral related to ottrelite.
Phyllite (n.) Clay slate; argillaceous schist.
Phyllo- (n.) A combining form from Gr. fy`llon a leaf; as, phyllopod, phyllotaxy.
Phyllo (n.) Tissue thin sheets of pastry used especially in Greek dishes
Phyllobranciae (n. pl. ) of Phyllobranchia.
Phyllobranchia (n.) A crustacean gill composed of lamellae.
Phyllocladia (n. pl. ) of Phyllocladium.
Phyllocladium (n.) A flattened stem or branch which more or less resembles a leaf, and performs the function of a leaf as regards respiration and assimilation.
Phyllocyanin (n.) A blue coloring matter extracted from chlorophyll.
Phyllocyst (n.) The cavity of a hydrophyllium.
Phyllode (n.) Same as Phyllodium.
Phyllodineous (a.) Having phyllodia; relating to phyllodia.
Phyllodia (n. pl. ) of Phyllodium.
Phyllodium (n.) A petiole dilated into the form of a blade, and usually with vertical edges, as in the Australian acacias.
Phyllody (n.) A retrograde metamorphosis of the floral organs to the condition of leaves.
Phylloid (a.) Resembling a leaf.
Phyllomania (n.) An abnormal or excessive production of leaves.
Phyllome (n.) A foliar part of a plant; any organ homologous with a leaf, or produced by metamorphosis of a leaf.
Phyllomorphosis (n.) The succession and variation of leaves during different seasons.
Phyllophagan (n.) One of a group of marsupials including the phalangists.
Phyllophagan (n.) One of a tribe of beetles which feed upon the leaves of plants, as the chafers.
Phyllophagous (a.) Substituting on leaves; leaf-eating.
Phyllophorous (a.) Leaf-bearing; producing leaves.
Phyllopod (n.) One of the Phyllopoda. [Also used adjectively.]
Phyllopoda (n. pl.) An order of Entomostraca including a large number of species, most of which live in fresh water. They have flattened or leaflike legs, often very numerous, which they use in swimming. Called also Branchiopoda.
Phyllopodous (a.) Of or pertaining to the Phyllopoda.
Phyllorhine (a.) Of or pertaining to Phyllorhina and other related genera of bats that have a leaflike membrane around the nostrils.
Phyllosoma (n.) The larva of the spiny lobsters (Palinurus and allied genera). Its body is remarkably thin, flat, and transparent; the legs are very long. Called also glass-crab, and glass-shrimp.
Phyllostome (n.) Any bat of the genus Phyllostoma, or allied genera, having large membranes around the mouth and nose; a nose-leaf bat.
Phyllostomid (n.) A phyllostome.
Phyllotactic (a.) (Bot.) Of or pertaining to phyllotaxy. Phyllotaxy
Phyllotaxy (n.) Alt. of Phyllotaxis.
Phyllotaxis (n.) (Bot.) The order or arrangement of leaves on the stem; the science of the relative position of leaves.
Phyllous (a.) (Bot.) Homologous with a leaf; as, the sepals, petals, stamens, and pistils are phyllous organs.
Phylloxanthin (n.) (Bot.) [生化] 葉黃素 A yellow coloring matter extracted from chlorophyll.
Compare: Chlorophyll
Chlorophyll () (Bot.) 【植】【生化】葉綠素 [U] Literally, leaf green; a green granular matter formed in the cells of the leaves (and other parts exposed to light) of plants, to which they owe their green color, and through which all ordinary assimilation of plant food takes place. Similar chlorophyll granules have been found in the tissues of the lower animals. [Written also chlorophyl.]
Chlorophyll () Any of a group of green pigments found in photosynthetic organisms. Chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b are found in higher plants and green algae; chlorophyll c is found in certain types of marine algae. Chemically, it has a porphyrin ring with a magnesium ion bound to the four central nitrogens, and has a phytyl side chain. It is essential for photosynthesis in most plants. Chlorophyll a has formula C55H72N4O5Mg.
Syn: chlorophyll.
Chlorophyll (n.) Any of a group of green pigments found in photosynthetic organisms; there are four naturally occurring forms [syn: chlorophyll, chlorophyl].
Compare: Xanthophyll
Xanthophyll (n.) (Bot.) 葉黃素 A yellow coloring matter found in yellow autumn leaves, and also produced artificially from chlorophyll; -- formerly called also phylloxanthin.
Phylloxera (n.) (Zool.) A small hemipterous insect ({Phylloxera vastatrix) allied to the aphids. It attacks the roots and leaves of the grapevine, doing great damage, especially in Europe.
Note: It exists in several forms, some of which are winged, other wingless. One form produces galls on the leaves and twigs, another affects the roots, causing galls or swellings, and often killing the vine.
Phylloxera (n.) The diseased condition of a vine caused by the insect just described.
Phylloxera (n.) Type genus of the Phylloxeridae: plant lice [syn: Phylloxera, genus Phylloxera].
Phylogenesis (n.) Alt. of Phylogeny.