Webster's Unabridged Dictionary - Letter P - Page 38
Penumbra (n.) An incomplete or partial shadow.
Penumbra (n.) The shadow cast, in an eclipse, where the light is partly, but not wholly, cut off by the intervening body; the space of partial illumination between the umbra, or perfect shadow, on all sides, and the full light.
Penumbra (n.) The part of a picture where the shade imperceptibly blends with the light.
Penumbrala () Of or pertaining to a penumbra; resembling a penumbra; partially illuminated.
Penurious (a.) 貧窮的；缺乏的；吝嗇的 Excessively sparing in the use of money; sordid; stingy; miserly.
Penurious (a.) Not bountiful or liberal; scanty.
Penurious (a.) Destitute of money; suffering extreme want.
Penury (n.) Absence of resources; want; privation; indigence; extreme poverty; destitution.
Penury (n.) Penuriousness; miserliness.
Penury (n.) Extreme want or poverty; destitution. (Syn:) Indigence, Pauperism, Beggary, Need.
// Fyne did not know what it might mean to be suddenly reduced from riches to absolute penury.
Idiom:
In the same mold: Of or in the same or similar style, fashion, or manner. (Primarily heard in US.)
Idiom:
Be cast in the same mould: 如出一轍；非常相似 To be very similar in character to someone else.
// Everyone who works for that firm seems to be cast in the same mould.
Penury (n.) [ U ] (Formal) 赤貧，貧窮 The state of being extremely poor.
Penwiper (n.) A cloth, or other material, for wiping off or cleaning ink from a pen.
Penwomen (n. pl. ) of Penwoman
Penwoman (n.) A female writer; an authoress.
Peon (n.) See Poon.
Peon (n.) A foot soldier; a policeman; also, an office attendant; a messenger.
Peon (n.) A day laborer; a servant; especially, in some of the Spanish American countries, debtor held by his creditor in a form of qualified servitude, to work out a debt.
Peon (n.) See 2d Pawn.
Peonage (n.) The condition of a peon.
Peonism (n.) Same as Peonage.
Peonies (n. pl. ) of Peony
Peony (n.) A plant, and its flower, of the ranunculaceous genus Paeonia. Of the four or five species, one is a shrub; the rest are perennial herbs with showy flowers, often double in cultivation.
People (n.) The body of persons who compose a community, tribe, nation, or race; an aggregate of individuals forming a whole; a community; a nation.
People (n.) Persons, generally; an indefinite number of men and women; folks; population, or part of population; as, country people; -- sometimes used as an indefinite subject or verb, like on in French, and man in German; as, people in adversity.
People (n.) The mass of comunity as distinguished from a special class; the commonalty; the populace; the vulgar; the common crowd; as, nobles and people.
People (n.) One's ancestors or family; kindred; relations; as, my people were English.
People (n.) One's subjects; fellow citizens; companions; followers.
Peopled (imp. & p. p.) of People
Peopling (p. pr. & vb. n.) of People
People (v. t.) To stock with people or inhabitants; to fill as with people; to populate.
Peopled (a.) Stocked with, or as with, people; inhabited.
Peopleless (a.) Destitute of people.
Peopler (n.) A settler; an inhabitant.
Peoplish (a.) Vulgar.
Peorias (n. pl.) An Algonquin tribe of Indians who formerly inhabited a part of Illinois.
Pepastic (a. & n.) Same as Maturative.
Peperine (n.) Alt. of Peperino
Peperino (n.) A volcanic rock, formed by the cementing together of sand, scoria, cinders, etc.
Peplis (n.) A genus of plants including water purslane.
Peplus (n.) An upper garment worn by Grecian and Roman women.
Peplus (n.) A kind of kerchief formerly worn by Englishwomen.
Pepo (n.) Any fleshy fruit with a firm rind, as a pumpkin, melon, or gourd. See Gourd.
Pepper (n.) A variant of POP-11 by Chris Dollin <kers@hplb.hpl.hp.com>. (2002-05-26)
Pepper (n.) 胡椒粉；辣椒粉；香辛調味品 [U]；【植】胡椒；辣椒 [C]；辛辣性，尖刻性 [U] A well-known, pungently aromatic condiment, the dried berry, either whole or powdered, of the {Piper nigrum}.
Note: {Common pepper}, or {black pepper}, is made from the whole berry, dried just before maturity; {white pepper} is made from the ripe berry after the outer skin has been removed by maceration and friction. It has less of the peculiar properties of the plant than the black pepper. Pepper is used in medicine as a carminative stimulant.
Pepper (n.) (Bot.) The plant which yields pepper, an East Indian woody climber (Piper nigrum), with ovate leaves and apetalous flowers in spikes opposite the leaves. The berries are red when ripe. Also, by extension, any one of the several hundred species of the genus Piper, widely dispersed throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of the earth.
Pepper (n.) Any plant of the genus {Capsicum} (of the {Solanaceae} family, which are unrelated to {Piper}), and its fruit; red pepper; chili pepper; as, the {bell pepper} and the {jalapeno pepper} (both {Capsicum annuum}) and the {habanero pepper} ({Capsicum chinense}); . These contain varying levels of the substance {capsaicin} ({C18H27O3N}), which gives the peppers their hot taste. The habanero is about 25-50 times hotter than the jalapeno according to a scale developed by Wilbur Scoville in 1912. See also {Capsicum} and http://www.chili-pepper-plants.com/.
Note: The term pepper has been extended to various other fruits and plants, more or less closely resembling the true pepper, esp. to the common varieties of {Capsicum}. See {Capsicum}, and the Phrases, below.
{African pepper}, The Guinea pepper. See under {Guinea}.
{Cayenne pepper}. See under {Cayenne}.
{Chinese pepper}, The spicy berries of the {Xanthoxylum piperitum}, a species of prickly ash found in China and Japan.
{Guinea pepper}. See under {Guinea}, and {Capsicum}.
{Jamaica pepper}. See {Allspice}.
{Long pepper}. The spike of berries of {Piper longum}, An East Indian shrub.
{Long pepper}. The root of {Piper methysticum} (syn. {Macropiper methysticum}) of the family {Piperaceae}. See {Kava}.
{Malaguetta pepper}, or {Meleguetta pepper}, The aromatic seeds of the {Amomum Melegueta}, an African plant of the Ginger family. They are sometimes used to flavor beer, etc., under the name of {grains of Paradise}.
{Red pepper}. See {Capsicum}.
{Sweet pepper bush} (Bot.), An American shrub ({Clethra alnifolia}), with racemes of fragrant white flowers; -- called also {white alder}.
{Pepper box} or {Pepper caster}, A small box or bottle, with a perforated lid, used for sprinkling ground pepper on food, etc.
{Pepper corn}. See in the Vocabulary.
{Pepper elder} (Bot.), A West Indian name of several plants of the Pepper family, species of {Piper} and {Peperomia}.
{Pepper moth} (Zool.), A European moth ({Biston betularia}) having white wings covered with small black specks.
{Pepper pot}, A mucilaginous soup or stew of vegetables and cassareep, much esteemed in the West Indies.
{Pepper root}. (Bot.). See {Coralwort}.
{pepper sauce}, A condiment for the table, made of small red peppers steeped in vinegar.
{Pepper tree} (Bot.), An aromatic tree ({Drimys axillaris}) of the Magnolia family, common in New Zealand. See {Peruvian mastic tree}, under {Mastic}.
Peppered (imp. & p. p.) of Pepper
Peppering (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Pepper
Pepper (v. t.) 加胡椒粉於；雨點般地撒（或擲，射）[（+with）]；使布滿 [（+with）] To sprinkle or season with pepper.
Pepper (v. t.) Figuratively: To shower shot or other missiles, or blows, upon; to pelt; to fill with shot, or cover with bruises or wounds; as, to pepper him with buckshot. "I have peppered two of them." "I am peppered, I warrant, for this world." -- Shak.
Pepper (v. i.) To fire numerous shots (at).
Pepper (n.) Climber having dark red berries (peppercorns) when fully ripe; southern India and Sri Lanka; naturalized in northern Burma and Assam [syn: {pepper}, {common pepper}, {black pepper}, {white pepper}, {Madagascar pepper}, {Piper nigrum}].
Pepper (n.) Any of various tropical plants of the genus Capsicum bearing peppers [syn: {capsicum}, {pepper}, {capsicum pepper plant}].
Pepper (n.) Pungent seasoning from the berry of the common pepper plant of East India; use whole or ground [syn: {pepper}, {peppercorn}].
Pepper (n.) Sweet and hot varieties of fruits of plants of the genus Capsicum.
Pepper (v.) Add pepper to; "pepper the soup".
Pepper (v.) Attack and bombard with or as if with missiles; "pelt the speaker with questions" [syn: {pepper}, {pelt}].
Pepper (n.) A variant of POP-11 by Chris Dollin. (2002-05-26)
Pepperbrand (n.) See 1st Bunt.
Peppercorn (n.) 乾胡椒；象徵性租金；微不足道之事物 A dried berry of the black pepper {(Piper nigrum)}.
Peppercorn (n.) Anything insignificant; a particle.
Peppercorn (n.) Pungent seasoning from the berry of the common pepper plant of East India; use whole or ground [syn: {pepper}, {peppercorn}].
Pepper dulse () A variety of edible seaweed (Laurencia pinnatifida) distinguished for its pungency.
Pepperer (n.) A grocer; -- formerly so called because he sold pepper.
Peppergrass (n.) (Bot.) 【植】胡椒草 Any herb of the cruciferous genus Lepidium, especially the garden peppergrass, or garden cress, Lepidium sativum; -- called also {pepperwort}. All the species have a pungent flavor.
Peppergrass (n.) The common pillwort of Europe (Pilularia globulifera). See {Pillwort}.
Pillwort (n.) (Bot.) Any plant of the genus {Pilularia}; minute aquatic cryptograms, with small pill-shaped fruit; -- sometimes called {peppergrass}.
Cress (n.; pl. {Cresses}) (Bot.) A plant of various species, chiefly cruciferous. The leaves have a moderately pungent taste, and are used as a salad and antiscorbutic.
Note: The garden cress, called also {peppergrass}, is the {Lepidium sativum}; the water cress is the {Nasturtium officinale}. Various other plants are sometimes called cresses.
To strip the brook with mantling cresses spread. -- Goldsmith.
{Bitter cress}. See under {Bitter}.
{Not worth a cress}, or {"not worth a kers."} A common old proverb, now turned into the meaningless "not worth a curse." -- Skeat.
Pepperidge (n.) A North American tree (Nyssa multiflora) with very tough wood, handsome oval polished leaves, and very acid berries, -- the sour gum, or common tupelo. See Tupelo.
Peppering (a.) Hot; pungent; peppery.
Peppermint (n.) An aromatic and pungent plant of the genus Mentha (M. piperita), much used in medicine and confectionery.
Peppermint (n.) A volatile oil (oil of peppermint) distilled from the fresh herb; also, a well-known essence or spirit (essence of peppermint) obtained from it.
Peppermint (n.) A lozenge of sugar flavored with peppermint.
Pepperwort (n.) See Peppergrass.
Peppery (a.) Of or pertaining to pepper; having the qualities of pepper; hot; pungent.
Peppery (a.) Fig.: Hot-tempered; passionate; choleric.
Pepsin (n.) An unorganized proteolytic ferment or enzyme contained in the secretory glands of the stomach. In the gastric juice it is united with dilute hydrochloric acid (0.2 per cent, approximately) and the two together constitute the active portion of the digestive fluid. It is the active agent in the gastric juice of all animals.
Pepsinhydrochloric (a.) Same as Peptohydrochloric.
Pepsinogen (n.) The antecedent of the ferment pepsin. A substance contained in the form of granules in the peptic cells of the gastric glands. It is readily convertible into pepsin. Also called propepsin.
Peptic (a.) 消化的；有助消化的；胃液素的 Relating to digestion; promoting digestion; digestive; as, peptic sauces.
Peptic (a.) Able to digest.
Peptic (a.) Pertaining to pepsin; resembling pepsin in its power of digesting or dissolving albuminous matter; containing or yielding pepsin, or a body of like properties; as, the peptic glands.
Peptic (n.) 健胃劑；【謔】（常複數）消化器官 An agent that promotes digestion.
Peptic (n.) The digestive organs.
Peptics (n.) The science of digestion.
Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) (n.) 消化性潰瘍，又稱胃及十二指腸潰瘍 Is a break in the lining of the stomach, first part of the small intestine, or occasionally the lower esophagus. [1] [7] An ulcer in the stomach is known as a gastric ulcer while that in the first part of the intestines is known as a duodenal ulcer. [1] The most common symptoms of a duodenal ulcer are waking at night with upper abdominal pain or upper abdominal pain that improves with eating. [1] With a gastric ulcer the pain may worsen with eating. [8] The pain is often described as a burning or dull ache. [1] Other symptoms include belching, vomiting, weight loss, or poor appetite. [1] About a third of older people have no symptoms. [1] Complications may include bleeding, perforation, and blockage of the stomach. [2] Bleeding occurs in as many as 15% of people. [2]
Peptogen (n.) A substance convertible into peptone.
Peptogenic (a.) Same as Peptogenous.
Peptogenous (a.) Capable of yielding, or being converted into, peptone.
Peptohydrochloric (a.) Designating a hypothetical acid (called peptohydrochloric acid, pepsinhydrochloric acid, and chloropeptic acid) which is supposed to be formed when pepsin and dilute (0.1-0.4 per cent) hydrochloric acid are mixed together.
Peptone (n.) The soluble and diffusible substance or substances into which albuminous portions of the food are transformed by the action of the gastric and pancreatic juices. Peptones are also formed from albuminous matter by the action of boiling water and boiling dilute acids.
Peptone (n.) Collectively, in a broader sense, all the products resulting from the solution of albuminous matter in either gastric or pancreatic juice. In this case, however, intermediate products (albumose bodies), such as antialbumose, hemialbumose, etc., are mixed with the true peptones. Also termed albuminose.
Peptonize (v. t.) To convert into peptone; to digest or dissolve by means of a proteolytic ferment; as, peptonized food.
Peptonoid (n.) A substance related to peptone.
Peptonuria (n.) The presence of peptone, or a peptonelike body, in the urine.
Peptotoxine (n.) A toxic alkaloid found occasionally associated with the peptones formed from fibrin by pepsinhydrochloric acid.
Pequots (n. pl.) A tribe of Indians who formerly inhabited Eastern Connecticut.
Per- () A prefix used to signify through, throughout, by, for, or as an intensive as perhaps, by hap or chance; perennial, that lasts throughout the year; perforce, through or by force; perfoliate, perforate; perspicuous, evident throughout or very evident; perplex, literally, to entangle very much.
Per- () Originally, denoting that the element to the name of which it is prefixed in the respective compounds exercised its highest valence; now, only that the element has a higher valence than in other similar compounds; thus, barium peroxide is the highest oxide of barium; while nitrogen and manganese peroxides, so-called, are not the highest oxides of those elements.
Per (prep.) Through; by means of; through the agency of; by; for; for each; as, per annum; per capita, by heads, or according to individuals; per curiam, by the court; per se, by itself, of itself. Per is also sometimes used with English words.
Peract (v. t.) To go through with; to perform.
Peracute (a.) Very sharp; very violent; as, a peracute fever.
Peradventure (adv. & conj.) By chance; perhaps; it may be; if; supposing.
Peradventure (n.) Chance; hap; hence, doubt; question; as, proved beyond peradventure.
Peraeopod (n.) One of the thoracic legs of a crustacean. See Illust. of Crustacea.
Peragrate (v. t.) To travel over or through.
Peragration (n.) The act or state of passing through any space; as, the peragration of the moon in her monthly revolution.
Perambulated (imp. & p. p.) of Perambulate
Perambulating (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Perambulate
Perambulate (v. t.) 走過；在……散步；巡行於；勘查 To walk through or over; especially, to travel over for the purpose of surveying or examining; to inspect by traversing; specifically, to inspect officially the boundaries of, as of a town or parish, by walking over the whole line.
Perambulate (v. i.) 漫步；巡迴 To walk about; to ramble; to stroll; as, he perambulated in the park.
Perambulate (v.) Make an official inspection on foot of (the bounds of a property); "Selectmen are required by law to perambulate the bounds every five years".
Perambulate (v.) Walk with no particular goal; "we were walking around in the garden"; "after breakfast, she walked about in the park" [syn: {perambulate}, {walk about}, {walk around}].
Perambulation (n.) 巡迴；巡行；測量區；勘查記錄 The act of perambulating; traversing.
Perambulation (n.) An annual survey of boundaries, as of town, a parish, a forest, etc.
Perambulation (n.) A district within which one is authorized to make a tour of inspection. "The . . . bounds of his own perambulation." [Obs.] --Holyday.
Perambulation (n.) A walk around a territory (a parish or manor or forest etc.) in order to officially assert and record its boundaries.
Perambulation (n.) A leisurely walk (usually in some public place) [syn: {amble}, {promenade}, {saunter}, {stroll}, {perambulation}].