Webster's Unabridged Dictionary - Letter I - Page 76
Ismaelite (n.) (Eccl.) One of a sect of Mohammedans who favored the pretensions of the family of Mohammed ben Ismael, of the house Ali. Iso
Iso- () Alt. of Is-
Is (v. i.) The third person singular of the substantive verb be, in the indicative mood, present tense; as, he is; he is a man. See Be.
Note: In some varieties of the Northern dialect of Old English, is was used for all persons of the singular.
For thy is I come, and eke Alain. -- Chaucer.
Aye is thou merry. -- Chaucer.
Note: The idiom of using the present for future events sure to happen is a relic of Old English in which the present and future had the same form; as, this year Christmas is on Friday.
To-morrow is the new moon. -- 1 Sam. xx. 5. Isabel
Is- () A prefix or combining form, indicating identity, or equality; the same numerical value; as in isopod, isomorphous, isochromatic. Specif.:
Is- () (Chem.) Applied to certain compounds having the same composition but different properties; as in isocyanic.
Is- () (Organic Chem.) Applied to compounds of certain isomeric series in whose structure one carbon atom, at least, is connected with three other carbon atoms; -- contrasted with neo- and normal; as in isoparaffine; isopentane.
IS, () International Standard (ISO).
IS, () International Supplement (ODT).
IS, () Intermediate System (ATM).
Isobar (n.) (Phys. Geog.) A line connecting or marking places upon the surface of the earth where height of the barometer reduced to sea level is the same either at a given time, or for a certain period (mean height), as for a year; an isopiestic line. [Written also isobare.].
Isobar (n.) (Meteorology) An isogram connecting points having equal barometric pressure at a given time.
Isobaric (a.) (Phys. Geog.) Denoting equal pressure; as, an isobaric line; specifically, of or pertaining to isobars.
Isobar (n.) The quality or state of being equal in weight, especially in atmospheric pressure. Also, the theory, method, or application of isobaric science.
Isobar (n.) (Phys. Geog.) A line connecting or marking places upon the surface of the earth where height of the barometer reduced to sea level is the same either at a given time, or for a certain period (mean height), as for a year; an isopiestic line. [Written also {isobare}.]
Isobar (n.) (Meteorology)an isogram connecting points having equal barometric pressure at a given time.
Isobarometric (a.) (Phys. Geog.) Indicating equal barometric pressure.
Isobathytherm (n.) (Phys. Geog.) A line connecting the points on the surface of the earth where a certain temperature is found at the same depth.
Isobathythermic (a.) Of or pertaining to an isobathytherm; possessing or indicating the same temperature at the same depth.
Isocephalism (n.) (Art) A peculiarity in the design of bas-relief by which the heads of human figures are kept at the same height from the ground, whether the personages are seated, standing, or mounted on horseback; -- called also isokephaleia.
Isochasm (n.) (Phys. Geog.) A line connecting places on the earth's surface at which there is the same mean frequency of auroras.
Isochasmic (a.) Indicating equal auroral display; as, an isochasmic line.
Isocheim (n.) (Phys. Geog.) A line connecting places on the earth having the same mean winter temperature. Cf. Isothere. Isocheimal
Isocheimal (a.) Alt. of Isochimal.
Isochimal (a.) Pertaining to, having the nature of, or making, isocheims; as, an isocheimal line; an isocheimal chart. Isocheimenal
Isocheimenal (a.) Alt. of Isochimenal.
Isochimenal (a.) The same as Isocheimal.
Isocheimic (a.) The same as Isocheimal.
Isochimene (n.) The same as Isocheim.
Isochromatic (a.) (Opt.) Having the same color; connecting parts having the same color, as lines drawn through certain points in experiments on the chromatic effects of polarized light in crystals.
Isochronal (a.) Uniform in time; of equal time; performed in equal times; recurring at regular intervals; isochronal vibrations or oscillations.
Isochronal (a.) Equal in duration or interval; "the oscillations were isochronal" [syn: isochronal, isochronous].
Isochronic (a.) Isochronal.
Isochronism (n.) The state or quality of being isochronous.
Isochronon (n.) A clock that is designed to keep very accurate time.
Isochronous (a.) Same as Isochronal.
Isochronous (a.) Equal in duration or interval; "the oscillations were isochronal" [syn: isochronal, isochronous].
Isochronous
Isochronous transfer, ()
A form of multiplexing that guarantees to provide a certain minimum data rate, as required for time-dependent data such as video or audio.
Isochronous transmission transmits asynchronous data over a synchronous data link so that individual characters are only separated by a whole number of bit-length intervals. This is in contrast to asynchronous transmission, in which the characters may be separated by arbitrary intervals, and with synchronous transmission [which does what?].
An isochronous message protocol assigns each data source a fixed amount of time to transmit (its "slot") within each cycle through the sources. That guarantees that each source will have regular opportunities to transmit the latest information. If a source has no more data to transmit, then the rest of its time slot is wasted. If it has more to send than will fit in its slot, it has to either store the excess data and transmit it in its next slot, or discard it.
Note that whether messages are isochronous or asynchronous is independent of whether the transmision of individual bits is synchronous or asynchronous.
Isochronous communication suits applications where a steady data stream is more important than completeness and accuracy, e.g. video conferencing.
Asynchronous Transfer Mode and High Performance Serial Bus can provide isochronous service.
Compare: Plesiochronous. (2006-06-13)
Isochroous (a.) Having the same tint or color throughout; uniformly or evenly colored. Isoclinal
Isoclinal (a.) Alt. of Isoclinic.
Isoclinic (a.) Of or pertaining to, or indicating, equality of inclination or dip; having equal inclination or dip.
Isoclinal lines (Magnetism), Lines on the earth's surface connecting places at which a dipping needle indicates the same inclination or dip.
Isoclinal (a.) Having equal magnetic inclinations [syn: isoclinal, isoclinic].
Isoclinal (n.) An isogram connecting points of equal magnetic inclination [syn: isoclinic line, isoclinal].
Isocrymal (a.) (Phys. Geog.) Pertaining to, having the nature of, or illustrating, an isocryme; as, an isocrymal line; an isocrymal chart.
Isocryme (n.) (Phys. Geog.) A line connecting points on the earth's surface having the same mean temperature in the coldest month of the year.
Isocrymic (a.) Isocrymal.
Isocyanic (a.) (Chem.) Designating an acid isomeric with cyanic acid.
Isocyanic acid, An acid metameric with cyanic acid, and resembling it in its salts. It is obtained as a colorless, mobile, unstable liquid by the heating cyanuric acid. Called technically carbimide.
Isocyanuric (a.) (Chem.) Designating, or pertaining to, an acid isomeric with cyanuric acid, and called also fulminuric acid. See under Fulminuric.
Isodiabatic (a.) (Physics) Pertaining to the reception or the giving out of equal quantities of heat by a substance. --Rankine.
Isodiabatic lines or Isodiabatic curves, A pair of lines or curves exhibiting, on a diagram of energy, the law of variation of the pressure and density of a fluid, the one during the lowering, and the other during the raising, of its temperature, when the quantity of heat given out by the fluid during any given stage of the one process is equal to the quantity received during the corresponding stage of the other. Such lines are said to be isodiabatic with respect to each other. Compare Adiabatic.
Isodiametric (a.) (Crystallog.) Developed alike in the directions of the several lateral axes; -- said of crystals of both the tetragonal and hexagonal systems.
Isodiametric (a.) (Bot.) Having the several diameters nearly equal; -- said of the cells of ordinary parenchyma.
Isodimorphic (a.) Isodimorphous.
Isodimorphism (n.) Isomorphism between the two forms severally of two dimorphous substances.
Isodimorphous (a.) Having the quality of isodimorphism.
Isodulcite (n.) (Chem.) A white, crystalline, sugarlike substance, obtained by the decomposition of certain glucosides, and intermediate in nature between the hexacid alcohols (ductile, mannite, etc.) and the glucoses.
Isodynamic (a.) Of, pertaining to, having, or denoting, equality of force.
Isodynamic foods (Physiol.), Those foods that produce a similar amount of heat.
Isodynamic lines (Magnetism), Lines on the earth's surface connecting places at which the magnetic intensity is the same.
Isodynamous (a.) Of equal force or size.
Isogai-Dynamic Therapy (n.) 礒谷式力學療法 With a history over a half century, Isogai-Dynamic Therapy succeeds in 15 million cases.
There are a lot of urbanized diseases, one of which is ache coming from head, neck, shoulder, back, lower back, sciatic nerve, hands, feet and knee joints. This is a syndrome which western therapy is unable to deal with. Most patients apply negative treatments against pains, such as taking anodyne and doing some massage. These treatments share the same feature, that is, dealing with a long-time problem through temporary ways. As a result, patients live on these treatments in a long time.
Homeopathic researches find out that 80% of pain syndromes are caused by life habits, including lack of sports, nervous, unbalanced sitting posture, not corrected spinal column, cranial subluxation. These causes have direct association with bone structure and sports dynamics. In fact, there is one skeleton bearing most of our weight, no matter standing up or sitting down. That is sciatic joint. What is more, it is the key to health!
With a history over a half century, originated from Japan and created by Dr. Keishu Isogai, Isogai-Dynamic Therapy has more than 150 successful million cases till now. To keep bone healthy by correcting unbalanced sciatic joint is theory of the treatment.
In Isogai's theory, human being is standing and walking with two feet. Feet with different lengths cause sciatic joint bear unequal strength and lead to pelvis subluxation and spinal malformation. Spinal malformation presses on the spinal nerve, causing painful and uncomfortable feelings. Mr. Isogai thinks many diseases are resulted from sciatic subluxation, thus he creates a set of treatment for correcting and balancing sciatic joint. Feet with different lengths and spinal malformation are also corrected.
Treatment is quite easy. The patients must lie on their back. The therapist puts the feet together and ties with cords. Then he pushes the knee downwards and close to the chest. In this way, the sciatic joint can gradually recover. Additionally, the therapist teaches the patient to do knee extending movement and daily sports to improve the ability of muscle and gain the best balance.
In these 50 years, Isogai-Dynamic Therapy has marked effect against not only pains, but also internal syndromes, such as gastric ulcer, constipation, diarrhea, nocturia, asthma, deltoid atrophy, blood pressure, insomnia, neurasthenic, cold syndrome, dysmenorrheal, sterility, menopause. The above syndromes are resulted from clog of central nerve. The Isogai-Dynamic Therapy deals with the root of the problem, thus it can work without any medicine. This is the fortune of most citizens.
Isogeotherm (n.) (Phys. Geog.) A line or curved surface passing beneath the earth's surface through points having the same mean temperature. Isogeothermal
Isogeothermal (a.) Alt. of Isogeothermic.
Isogeothermic (a.) Pertaining to, having the nature of, or marking, isogeotherms; as, an isogeothermal line or surface; as isogeothermal chart.
Isogeothermic (n.) An isogeotherm.
Isogonic (a.) Pertaining to, or noting, equal angles.
Isogonic lines (Magnetism), Lines traced on the surface of the globe, or upon a chart, connecting places at which the deviation of the magnetic needle from the meridian or true north is the same.
Isogonic (a.) (Zool.) Characterized by isogonism.
Isogonic (a.) Having or making equal angles.
Isogonism (n.) (Zool.) The quality of having similar sexual zooids or gonophores and dissimilar hydrants; -- said of certain hydroids.
Isographic (a.) Of or pertaining to isography.
Isography (n.) Imitation of another's handwriting.
Isohyetose (a.) (Phys. Geog.) Of or pertaining to lines connecting places on the earth's surface which have a mean annual rainfall.
Isohyetose (n.) An isohyetose line; called also isohyet.
Isolable (a.) (Chem.) Capable of being isolated, or of being obtained in a pure state; as, gold is isolable.
Isolable (a.) Capable of being isolated or disjoined.
Isolated (imp. & p. p.) of Isolate.
Isolating (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Isolate.
Isolate (v. t.) 使隔離，使孤立，使絕緣隔離種群 To place in a detached situation; to place by itself or alone; to insulate; to separate from others; as, to isolate an infected person from others; to isolate the troublemakers in a classroom.
Short isolated sentences were the mode in which ancient wisdom delighted to convey its precepts. -- Bp. Warburton.
Isolate (v. t.) (Elec.) To insulate. See Insulate.
Isolate (v. t.) (Chem.) To separate (a substance) from all foreign substances; to make pure; to obtain in a free state; as, to isolate the desired product from a reaction mixture.
Isolate (v. t.) (Microbiol.) To obtain a culture of a microorganism in pure form (from a complex mixture); as, to isolate {Eschericia coli} from a patient's blood.
Isolate (v.) Place or set apart; "They isolated the political prisoners from the other inmates" [syn: {isolate}, {insulate}].
Isolate (v.) Obtain in pure form; "The chemist managed to isolate the compound".
Isolate (v.) Set apart from others; "The dentist sequesters the tooth he is working on" [syn: {sequester}, {sequestrate}, {keep apart}, {set apart}, {isolate}].
Isolate (v.) Separate (experiences) from the emotions relating to them.
Isolated (a.) Placed or standing alone; detached; separated from others.
Isolated point of a curve. (Geom.) See Acnode.
Isolated (a.) Not close together in time; "isolated instances of rebellion"; "a few stray crumbs" [syn: isolated, stray].
Isolated (a.) Being or feeling set or kept apart from others; "she felt detached from the group"; "could not remain the isolated figure he had been"- Sherwood Anderson; "thought of herself as alone and separated from the others"; "had a set-apart feeling" [syn: detached, isolated, separated, set-apart].
Isolated (a.) Marked by separation of or from usually contiguous elements; "little isolated worlds, as abruptly disjunct and unexpected as a palm-shaded well in the Sahara"- Scientific Monthly [syn: disjunct, isolated].
Isolated (a.) Cut off or left behind; "an isolated pawn"; "several stranded fish in a tide pool"; "travelers marooned by the blizzard" [syn: isolated, marooned, stranded].
Isolated (a.) Under forced isolation especially for health reasons; "a quarantined animal"; "isolated patients" [syn: isolated, quarantined].
Isolated (a.) Remote and separate physically or socially; "existed over the centuries as a world apart"; "preserved because they inhabited a place apart" -- W. H. Hudson; "tiny isolated villages remote from centers of civilization"; "an obscure village" [syn: apart(p), isolated, obscure].
Compact
Finite
Isolated, ()
(Or "finite", "isolated") In domain theory, an element d of a cpo D is compact if and only if, for any chain S, a subset of D,
d <= lub S => there exists s in S such that d <= s.
I.e. you always reach d (or better) after a finite number of steps up the chain.
("<=" is written in LaTeX as \sqsubseteq).
[{Jargon File] (1995-01-13)
Compact
Finite
Isolated, ()
Of a design, describes the valuable property that it can all be apprehended at once in one's head. This generally means the thing created from the design can be used with greater facility and fewer errors than an equivalent tool that is not compact. Compactness does not imply triviality or lack of power; for example, C is compact and Fortran is not, but C is more powerful than Fortran. Designs become non-compact through accreting features and cruft that don't merge cleanly into the overall design scheme (thus, some fans of Classic C maintain that ANSI C is no longer compact). (2008-10-13)
Isolatedly (adv.) In an isolated manner.
Isolation (n.) [U] 隔離；孤立；脫離；【物】絕緣 The act of isolating, or the state of being isolated; insulation; separation; loneliness. -- Milman.
Isolation (n.) A state of separation between persons or groups.
Isolation (n.) A feeling of being disliked and alone.
Isolation (n.) The act of isolating something; setting something apart from others [syn: isolation, closing off].
Isolation (n.) (Psychiatry) A defense mechanism in which memory of an unacceptable act or impulse is separated from the emotion originally associated with it.
Isolation (n.) A country's withdrawal from international politics; "he opposed a policy of American isolation".
Isolator (n.) One who, or that which, isolates.
Isologous (a.) (Chem.) Having similar proportions, similar relations, or similar differences of composition; -- said specifically of groups or series which differ by a constant difference; as, ethane, ethylene, and acetylene, or their analogous compounds, form an isologous series.
Isomer (n.) (Chem.) A compound which is isomeric with another body or compound; a compound having the same chemical composition as another compound; a member of an isomeric series.
Note: An isomer may be a structural isomer, in which some of the atoms are bonded to different atoms (as in CH3.CH2.NH2 and CH3.NH.CH3), or an optical isomer, in which the number and types of chemical bonds are identical, but the arrangement of the atoms in three-dimensional space is different; the latter are also called stereoisomers.
Isomer (n.) A compound that exists in forms having different arrangements of atoms but the same molecular weight.
Isomeric (a.) (Chem.) Having the same chemical composition and molecular weight; having the same number of atoms of each kind in the molecule; -- said of chemical compounds with known chemical
composition. This property used to be called metameric to distinguish it from other forms of isomerism.
Note: Formerly the term isomeric applied also to comopounds having the same percentage chemical composition, even if the number of atoms in a molecule differed. In the 1913 dictionary isomeric was defined as: "Having the same percentage composition; -- said of two or more different substances which contain the same ingredients in the same proportions by weight, often used with with. Specif.:
(a) Polymeric; i. e., having the same elements united in the same proportion by weight, but with different molecular weights; as, acetylene and benzine are isomeric (polymeric) with each other in this sense. See Polymeric.
(b) Metameric; i. e., having the same elements united in the same proportions by weight, and with the same molecular weight, but with a different structure or arrangement of the ultimate parts; as, ethyl alcohol and methyl ether are isomeric (metameric) with each other in this sense. See Metameric."
Isomeric (a.) Of or relating to or exhibiting isomerism.
Isomeride (n.) (Chem.) An isomer. [R.]
Isomerism (n.) (Chem.) The state, quality, or relation, of two or more isomeric substances.
Physical isomerism (Chem.), A former term for optical isomerism.
Optical isomerism (Chem.), The condition or relation of certain (isomeric) substances, which, while chemically identical (in that they have the same composition, the same molecular weights, and the same ultimate constitution), are yet physically different, as in their action on polarized light, as dextro- and l[ae]vo-tartaric acids, or the sugars galactose and glucose. In such compounds there is usually at least one unsymmetrical carbon atom and typically more than one. See Unsymmetrical.
Isomerism (n.) The state of being an isomer; the complex of chemical and physical phenomena characteristic of isomers.
Isomeromorphism (n.) (Crystallog.) Isomorphism between substances that are isomeric. Isometric
Isometric (a.) Alt. of Isometrical.
Isometrical (a.) Pertaining to, or characterized by, equality of measure.
Isometrical (a.) (Crystallog.) Noting, or conforming to, that system of crystallization in which the three axes are of equal length and at right angles to each other; monometric; regular; cubic. Cf. Crystallization.
Isometrical (a.) Of or pertaining to isometrics.
Isometric lines (Thermodynamics), Lines representing in a diagram the relations of pressure and temperature in a gas, when the volume remains constant.
Isometrical perspective. See under Perspective.
Isometrical projection, A species of orthographic projection, in which but a single plane of projection is used. It is so named from the fact that the projections of three equal lines, parallel respectively to three rectangular axes, are equal to one another. This kind of projection is principally used in delineating buildings or machinery, in which the principal lines are parallel to three rectangular axes, and the principal planes are parallel to three rectangular planes passing through the three axes.
Isometric (a.) Related by an isometry.
Isometric (a.) Of or involving muscular contraction in which tension increases while length remains constant [ant: isotonic].
Isometric (a.) Having equal dimensions or measurements [syn: isometric, isometrical].
Isometric (a.) Of a crystal system characterized by three equal axes at right angles.
Isometric (n.) A line connecting isometric points [syn: isometric line, isometric].
Isomorph (n.) A substance which is similar to another in crystalline form and composition.
Isomorph (n.) (Biol.) An animal, plant, or group having superficial similarity to another, although phylogenetically different.
Isomorphic (a.) Isomorphous.
Isomorphic (a.) (Biol.) Alike in form; exhibiting isomorphism.
Isomorphic (a.) Of or pertaining to sets related by an isomorphism.
Isomorphic (a.) having similar appearance but genetically different [syn: isomorphous, isomorphic].
Isomorphic, () Two mathematical objects are isomorphic if they have the same structure, i.e. if there is an isomorphism between them. For every component of one there is a corresponding component of the other.
Isomorphism (n.) (Crystallog.) A similarity of crystalline form between substances of similar composition, as between the sulphates of barium (BaSO4) and strontium (SrSO4). It is sometimes extended to include similarity of form between substances of unlike composition, which is more properly called homoeomorphism.
Isomorphism (n.) (Math.) A one-to-one mapping of one set onto another set which preserves the relations between the elements of the domains of the sets.
Isomorphism (n.) (Biology) Similarity or identity of form or shape or structure [syn: isomorphism, isomorphy].
Isomorphism, () A bijective map between two objects which preserves, in both directions, any structure under consideration. Thus a `group isomorphism' preserves group structure; an order isomorphism (between posets) preserves the order relation, and so on. Usually it is clear from context what sort of isomorphism is intended.
(1995-03-25)
Isomorphous (a.) Having the quality of isomorphism.
Isomorphous (a.) Having similar appearance but genetically different [syn: isomorphous, isomorphic].
Isonandra (n.) (Bot.) A genus of sapotaceous trees of India. Isonandra Gutta is the principal source of gutta-percha.
Isonephelic (a.) (Phys. Geog.) Having, or indicating, an equal amount of cloudiness for a given period; as, isonephelic regions; an isonephelic line.
Isonicotine (n.) (Chem.) A crystalline, nitrogenous base, C10H14N2, isomeric with nicotine.
Isonicotinic (a.) (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, isonicotine.
Isonicotinic (a.) (Chem.) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid isomeric with nicotinic acid.
Isonitroso- () (Chem.) A combining from (also used adjectively), signifying: Pertaining to, or designating, the characteristic, nitrogenous radical, NOH, called the isonitroso group.
Isonomic (a.) The same, or equal, in law or right; one in kind or origin; analogous; similar. -- Dana.
Isonomy (n.) Equal law or right; equal distribution of rights and privileges; similarity.
Isopathy (n.) The system which undertakes to cure a disease by means of the virus of the same disease.
Isopathy (n.) The theory of curing a diseased organ by eating the analogous organ of a healthy animal.
Isopathy (n.) The doctrine that the power of therapeutics is equal to that of the causes of disease.
Isopepsin (n.) (Physiol. Chem.) Pepsin modified by exposure to a temperature of from 40[deg] to 60[deg] C.
Isoperimetrical (a.) (Geom.) Having equal perimeters of circumferences; as, isoperimetrical figures or bodies.
Isoperimetry (n.) (Geom.) The science of figures having equal perimeters or boundaries.
Isopiestic (a.) (Thermodynamics) Having equal pressure.
Isopiestic lines, Lines showing, in a diagram, the relations of temperature and volume, when the elastic force is constant; -- called also isobars.
Isopleura (n. pl.) (Zool.) A subclass of Gastropoda, in which the body is symmetrical, the right and left sides being equal.
Isopod (a.) (Zool.) Having the legs similar in structure; belonging to the Isopoda.
Isopod (n.) One of the Isopoda.
Isopod (n.) Any of various small terrestrial or aquatic crustaceans with seven pairs of legs adapted for crawling.
Isopoda (n. pl.) (Zool.) An order of sessile-eyed Crustacea, usually having seven pairs of legs, which are all similar in structure.
Note: The body is usually depressed, with the abdominal segments short, and often consolidated in part. The branchi[ae] are on the abdominal appendages. The group includes the terrestrial pill bugs and sow bugs, with numerous marine forms. See Arthrostrata, Gribble.
Isopoda (n.) Woodlice [syn: Isopoda, order Isopoda].
Isopodiform (a.) (Zool.) Having the shape of an isopod; -- said of the larvae of certain insects.
Isopodous (a.) Same as Isopod.
Isopogonous (a.) (Zool.) Having the two webs equal in breath; -- said of feathers.