Webster's Unabridged Dictionary - Letter I - Page 3

Idealism (n.) (Philos.) The system or theory that denies the existence of material bodies, and teaches that we have no rational grounds to believe in the reality of anything but ideas and their relations.

Idealism (n.) The practice or habit of giving or attributing ideal form or character to things; treatment of things in art or literature according to ideal standards or patterns; -- opposed to realism.

Idealism (n.) A belief in the feasibility of the implementation of ideal principles and noble goals, and the practice or habit of pursuing such goals; -- opposed to realism and cynicism.

Idealism (n.) (Philosophy) The philosophical theory that ideas are the only reality.

Idealism (n.) Impracticality by virtue of thinking of things in their ideal form rather than as they really are.

Idealism (n.) Elevated ideals or conduct; the quality of believing that ideals should be pursued [syn: high-mindedness, idealism, noble-mindedness].

Idealist (n.) 理想主義；空想家；【哲】觀念論者；唯心論者 One who idealizes; one who forms picturesque fancies; one given to romantic expectations.

Idealist (n.) One who holds the doctrine of idealism.

Idealistic (a.) Of or pertaining to idealists or their theories.

Idealities (n. pl. ) of Ideality.

Ideality (n.) The quality or state of being ideal.

Ideality (n.) The capacity to form ideals of beauty or perfection.

Ideality (n.) The conceptive faculty.

Idealization (n.) The act or process of idealizing.

Idealization (n.) The representation of natural objects, scenes, etc., in such a way as to show their most important characteristics; the study of the ideal.

Idealized (imp. & p. p.) of Idealize.

Idealizing (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Idealize.

Idealize (v. t.) To make ideal; to give an ideal form or value to; to attribute ideal characteristics and excellences to; as, to idealize real life.

Idealize (v. t.) To treat in an ideal manner. See Idealization, 2.

Idealize (v. i.) To form ideals.

Idealizer (n.) An idealist.

Ideally (adv.) In an ideal manner; by means of ideals; mentally.

Idealogic (a.) Of or pertaining to an idealogue, or to idealization.

Idealogue (n.) One given to fanciful ideas or theories; a theorist; a spectator.

Ideat (n.) Alt. of Ideate.

Ideate (n.) The actual existence supposed to correspond with an idea; the correlate in real existence to the idea as a thought or existence.

Ideate (v. t.) To form in idea; to fancy.

Ideate (v. t.) To apprehend in thought so as to fix and hold in the mind; to memorize.

Ideate (v. t.) To form an idea or conception of.

Ideate (v. i.) To form an idea.

Ideation (n.) The faculty or capacity of the mind for forming ideas; the exercise of this capacity; the act of the mind by which objects of sense are apprehended and retained as objects of thought.

Ideational (a.) Pertaining to, or characterized by, ideation.

Idem (pron. / a.) The same; the same as above; -- often abbreviated id.

Identic, Identical (a.) In diplomacy (esp. in the form identic), precisely agreeing in sentiment or opinion and form or manner of expression; -- applied to concerted action or language which is used by two or more governments in treating with another government.

Identic (a.) Identical.

Identical (a.) 同一的；完全相同的，完全相似的 [（+to/ with）] The same; the selfsame; the very same; not different; as, the identical person or thing.

Identical (a.) Uttering sameness or the same truth; expressing in the predicate what is given, or obviously implied, in the subject; tautological.

Identically (adv.) In an identical manner; with respect to identity.

Identicalness (n.) The quality or state of being identical; sameness.

Identifiable (a.) Capable of being identified.

Identification (n.) 認出；識別；鑑定；確認 [U]；身分證明；身分證 [U] [C]；3. 有關聯；認同；一體感 [U] [（+with）] The act of identifying, or proving to be the same; also, the state of being identified.

Identified (imp. & p. p.) of Identify.

Identifying (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Identify.

Identify (v. t.) 確認；識別；鑑定，驗明 [（+as）]；視……（與……）為同一事物 [（+with）] To make to be the same; to unite or combine in such a manner as to make one; to treat as being one or having the same purpose or effect; to consider as the same in any relation.

Every precaution is taken to identify the interests of the people and of the rulers. -- D. Ramsay.

Let us identify, let us incorporate ourselves with the people. -- Burke.

Identify (v. t.) To establish the identity of; to prove to be the same with something described, claimed, or asserted; as, to identify stolen property.

Identify (v. i.) （與……）認同；一致；感同身受 [（+with）] To become the same; to coalesce in interest, purpose, use, effect, etc. [Obs. or R.]

Identify (v. i.) To coalesce in interest, purpose, use, effect, etc.; to associate oneself in name, goals, or feelings; usually used with with; as, he identified with the grief she felt at her father's death.

An enlightened self-interest, which, when well understood, they tell us will identify with an interest more enlarged and public. -- Burke.

Identify (v.) Recognize as being; establish the identity of someone or something; "She identified the man on the 'wanted' poster" [syn: identify, place].

Identify (v.) Give the name or identifying characteristics of; refer to by name or some other identifying characteristic property; "Many senators were named in connection with the scandal"; "The almanac identifies the auspicious months" [syn: name, identify].

Identify (v.) Consider (oneself) as similar to somebody else; "He identified with the refugees."

Identify (v.) Conceive of as united or associated; "Sex activity is closely identified with the hypothalamus."

Identify (v.) Identify as in botany or biology, for example [syn: identify, discover, key, key out, distinguish,

 describe, name].

Identify (v.) Consider to be equal or the same; "He identified his brother as one of the fugitives."

Identify (v.) [ T ] (B2) 認出，識別 To recognize someone or something and say or prove who or what that person or thing is.

// Even the smallest baby can identify its mother by her voice.

// The gunman in Wednesday's attack has been identified as Lee Giggs, an unemployed truck driver.

// The police officer identified himself (= gave his name or proved who he was) and asked for our help.

Identify (v.) [ T ]  (B2) 確定；發現 To recognize a problem, need, fact, etc. and to show that it exists.

// The research will be used to identify training needs.

// You need to identify your priorities.

Phrasal verb: Identify with sb

Identify with sb (- Phrasal verb with Identify) (v.) [ T ] (B2) 認同（某人），與（某人）產生共鳴 To feel that you are similar to someone in some way and that you can understand that person or their situation because of this.

// Many women of normal weight feel unable to identify with the super-thin models in fashion magazines.

Phrasal verb: Identify sb/ sth with sth

Identify sb/ sth with sth (- Phrasal verb with Identify) (v.) [ T ] 認為…與…密切相關 To believe that someone or something is closely connected or involved with something.

// Many football fans are unfairly identified with violent behaviour.

Identism (n.) (Metaph.) The doctrine taught by Schelling, that matter and mind, and subject and object, are identical in the Absolute; -- called also the {system of identity} or {doctrine of identity}.

Identism (n.)  (Ucountable) The  doctrine  that states of the  mind  and states of the  brain  are  identical.

Identism (n.) A system or doctrine that maintains that particular phenomena are the same; specifically. Schelling's metaphysical theory of absolute identity.

Compare: Metaphysical

Metaphysical (a.)  純哲學的；形而上學的；抽象的；超自然的； [M-]（英國）玄學派詩歌（或詩人）的 Relating to metaphysics.

‘The essentially metaphysical question of the nature of mind.’

Metaphysical (a.) Based on abstract reasoning.

‘An empiricist rather than a metaphysical view of law.’

Metaphysical (a.) Transcending physical matter or the laws of nature.

‘Good and Evil are inextricably linked in a metaphysical battle across space and time.’

Metaphysical (a.) Of or characteristic of the metaphysical poets.

Compare: Metaphysics

Metaphysics (pl. n.) [Usually treated as singular]（用作單）純粹哲學；形而上學；抽象論；玄學；空頭理論；空談  The branch of philosophy that deals with the first principles of things, including abstract concepts such as being, knowing, identity, time, and space.

‘They would regard the question of the initial conditions for the universe as belonging to the realm of metaphysics or religion.’

Metaphysics (pl. n.) Abstract theory with no basis in reality.

‘His concept of society as an organic entity is, for market liberals, simply metaphysics.’

Metaphysics has two main strands: that which holds that what exists lies beyond experience (as argued by Plato), and that which holds that objects of experience constitute the only reality (as argued by Kant, the logical positivists, and Hume). Metaphysics has also concerned itself with a discussion of whether what exists is made of one substance or many, and whether what exists is inevitable or driven by chance.

Identities (n. pl. ) of Identity.

Identity (n.) 身分；本身；本體 [C] [U]；同一人；同一物 [U]；同一（性）；相同（處），一致（處）[U] [C] The state or quality of being identical, or the same; sameness.

Identity is a relation between our cognitions of a thing, not between things themselves. -- Sir W. Hamilton.

Identity (n.) The condition of being the same with something described or asserted, or of possessing a character claimed; as, to establish the identity of stolen goods.

Identity (n.) (Math.) An identical equation.

Identity (n.) The distinct personality of an individual regarded as a persisting entity; "you can lose your identity when you join the army" [syn: {identity}, {personal identity}, {individuality}].

Identity (n.) The individual characteristics by which a thing or person is recognized or known; "geneticists only recently discovered the identity of the gene that causes it"; "it was too dark to determine his identity"; "she guessed the identity of his lover."

Identity (n.) An operator that leaves unchanged the element on which it operates; "the identity under numerical multiplication is 1" [syn: {identity}, {identity element}, {identity operator}].

Identity (n.) Exact sameness; "they shared an identity of interests" [syn: {identity}, {identicalness}, {indistinguishability}].

Identity (n.), Evidence. Sameness.

Identity (n.) It is frequently necessary to identify persons and things. In criminal prosecutions, and in actions for torts and on contracts, it is required to be proved that the defendants have in criminal actions, and for injuries, been guilty of the crime or injury charged; and in an action on a contract, that the defendant was a party to it. Sometimes, too, a party who has been absent, and who appears to claim an inheritance, must prove his identity and, not unfrequently, the body of a person which has been found dead must be identified: cases occur when the body is much disfigured, and, at other times, there is nothing left but the skeleton. Cases of considerable difficulty arise, in consequence of the omission to take particular notice; 2 Stark. Car. 239 Ryan's Med. Jur. 301; and in consequence of the great resemblance of two persons. 1 Hall's Am. Law Journ. 70; 1 Beck's Med. Jur. 509; 1 Paris, Med. Jur, 222; 3 Id. 143; Trail. Med. Jur. 33; Fodere, Med. Leg. ch. 2, tome 1, p. 78-139.

Identity (n.) In cases of larceny, trover, replevin, and the like, the things in dispute must always be identified. Vide 4 Bl. Com. 396.

Identity (n.) M. Briand, in his Manuel Complet de Medicine Legale, 4eme partie, ch. 1, gives rules for the discovery of particular marks, which an individual may have had, and also the true color of the hair, although it may have been artificially colored. He also gives some rules for the purpose of discovering, from the appearance of a skeleton, the sex, the age, and the height of the person when living, which he illustrates by various examples. See, generally, 6 C. & P 677; 1 C. & M. 730; 3 Tyr. 806; Shelf. on Mar. & Div. 226; 1 Hagg. Cons. R. 189; Best on Pres. Appx. case 4; Wills on Circums. Ev. 143, et seq.

Ideo- () A combining form from the Gr. ?, an idea.

Ideogenical (a.) 觀念學的；意識形態的；思想體系的 Of or relating to ideology.

Ideogeny (n.) [U] 意識形態 The science which treats of the origin of ideas.

Ideogram (n.) 表意文字（如中國及其他象形文字） An original, pictorial element of writing; a kind of hieroglyph expressing no sound, but only an idea.

Ideograms may be defined to be pictures intended to represent either things or thoughts. -- I. Taylor (The Alphabet).

You might even have a history without language written or spoken, by means of ideograms and gesture. -- J. Peile.

Ideogram (n.) A symbol used for convenience, or for abbreviation; as, 1, 2, 3, +, -, /, $, /, etc.

Ideogram (n.) A phonetic symbol; a letter.

Ideogram (n.) A graphic character that indicates the meaning of a thing without indicating the sounds used to say it; "Chinese characters are ideograms" [syn: ideogram, ideograph].

Ideogram, () A symbol representing a concept.  Nearly all ideograms are pictograms - pictures of the thing represented, others are merely conventional.  An example of non-pictorial ideogram might be the degree symbol (a superfix circle) when used for temperature. (2014-07-30)

Ideograph (n.) Same as Ideogram. Ideographic

Ideograph (n.) 表意文字（如中國及其他象形文字） A graphic character that indicates the meaning of a thing without indicating the sounds used to say it; "Chinese characters are ideograms" [syn: ideogram, ideograph].

Ideographic (a.) Alt. of Ideographical.

Ideographical (a.) 表意的；記號的 Of or pertaining to an ideogram; representing ideas by symbols, independently of sounds; as, 9 represents not the word "nine," but the idea of the number itself. -- I`de*o*graph"ic*al*ly, adv.

Ideographics (n.) The system of writing in ideographic characters; also, anything so written.

Ideography (n.) 表意文字研究；表意文字的使用 The representation of ideas independently of sounds, or in an ideographic manner, as sometimes is done in shorthand writing, etc. Ideologic

Ideography (n.) The use of ideograms in writing.

Ideologic, Ideological (a.) 意識形態的；思想上的 Concerned with or suggestive of ideas; as, an ideologic argument.

Syn: ideological.

Ideologic (a.) Concerned with or suggestive of ideas; "ideological application of a theory"; "the drama's symbolism was very ideological" [syn: ideological, ideologic].

Ideological (a.) 觀念學的；意識形態的；思想體系的 Of or pertaining to ideology.

Ideological (a.) Of or pertaining to or characteristic of an orientation that characterizes the thinking of a group or nation

Ideological (a.) Concerned with or suggestive of ideas; "ideological application of a theory"; "the drama's symbolism was very ideological" [syn: ideological, ideologic].

Ideologist (n.) 觀念學者 One who treats of ideas; one who theorizes or idealizes; one versed in the science of ideas, or who advocates the doctrines of ideology.

Ideologue (n.)（尤指倡導或闡釋某思想的）理論家，思想家，觀念學家 An adherent to or advocate of some ideology [3].

Syn: ideologist.

Ideologue (n.) An advocate of some ideology [syn: ideologist, ideologue].

Ideology (n.) The science of ideas.

Ideology (n.) A theory of the origin of ideas which derives them exclusively from sensation.

Ideo-motion (n.) An ideo-motor movement.

Ideo-motor (a.) Applied to those actions, or muscular movements, which are automatic expressions of dominant ideas, rather than the result of distinct volitional efforts, as the act of expressing the thoughts in speech, or in writing, while the mind is occupied in the composition of the sentence.

Ides (n. pl.) The fifteenth day of March, May, July, and October, and the thirteenth day of the other months.

Idio- () A combining form from the Greek 'i`dios, meaning private, personal, peculiar, distinct.

Idioblast (n.) An individual cell, differing greatly from its neighbours in regard to size, structure, or contents.

Idiocrasis (n.) Idiocracy.

Idiocrasies (n. pl. ) of Idiocracy.

Idiocracy (n.) Peculiarity of constitution; that temperament, or state of constitution, which is peculiar to a person; idiosyncrasy.

Idiocratic (a.) Alt. of Idiocratical.

Idiocratical (a.) Peculiar in constitution or temperament; idiosyncratic.

Idiocy (n.) The condition or quality of being an idiot; absence, or marked deficiency, of sense and intelligence.

Idiocyclophanous (a.) Same as Idiophanous.

Idioelectric (a.) (Physics) 非導體的；能磨擦生電的 Electric by virtue of its own peculiar properties; capable of becoming electrified by friction; -- opposed to anelectric.

Idioelectric (n.) An idioelectric substance.

Idiograph (n.) A mark or signature peculiar to an individual; a trade-mark.

Idiographic (a.) Alt. of Idiographical.

Idiographical (a.) Of or pertaining to an idiograph.

Idiolatry (n.) Self-worship; excessive self-esteem.

Idiolect (n.) [C or U] 個人習語（個人所使用的某種語言形式） The form of a language that a particular person speaks.

Idiolect (n.) (Linguistics) The language or speech of one individual at a particular period in life.

Idiolect (n.) The language or speech of one individual at a particular period in life.

Idiolect (n.) The speech habits peculiar to a particular person.

‘In his strange idiolect, he preferred to call angels “angelicals“.’

Idiom (n.) The syntactical or structural form peculiar to any language; the genius or cast of a language.

Idiom may be employed loosely and figuratively as a synonym of language or dialect, but in its proper sense it signifies the totality of the general rules of construction which characterize the syntax of a particular language and distinguish it from other tongues. -- G. P. Marsh.

By idiom is meant the use of words which is peculiar to a particular language. -- J. H. Newman.

He followed their language [the Latin], but did not comply with the idiom of ours. -- Dryden.

Idiom (n.) An expression conforming or appropriate to the peculiar structural form of a language.

Some that with care true eloquence shall teach, And to just idioms fix our doubtful speech. -- Prior.

Idiom (n.) A combination of words having a meaning peculiar to itself and not predictable as a combination of the meanings of the individual words, but sanctioned by usage; as, an idiomatic expression; less commonly, a single word used in a peculiar sense.

It is not by means of rules that such idioms as the following are made current: "I can make nothing of it." "He treats his subject home." -- Dryden. "It is that within us that makes for righteousness." -- M. Arnold. -- Gostwick (Eng. Gram.)

Sometimes we identify the words with the object -- though by courtesy of idiom rather than in strict propriety of language. -- Coleridge.

Idiom (n.) The phrase forms peculiar to a particular author; as, written in his own idiom.

Every good writer has much idiom. -- Landor.

Idiom (n.) Dialect; a variant form of a language.

Syn: Dialect.

Usage: Idiom, Dialect. The idioms of a language belong to its very structure; its dialects are varieties of expression ingrafted upon it in different localities or by different professions. Each county of England has some peculiarities of dialect, and so have most of the professions, while the great idioms of the language are everywhere the same. See Language. Idiomatic.

Idiom (n.) A manner of speaking that is natural to native speakers of a language [syn: parlance, idiom].

Idiom (n.) The usage or vocabulary that is characteristic of a specific group of people; "the immigrants spoke an odd dialect of English"; "he has a strong German accent"; "it has been said that a language is a dialect with an army and navy" [syn: dialect, idiom, accent].

Idiom (n.) The style of a particular artist or school or movement; "an imaginative orchestral idiom" [syn: artistic style, idiom].

Idiom (n.) An expression whose meanings cannot be inferred from the meanings of the words that make it up [syn: idiom, idiomatic expression, phrasal idiom, set phrase, phrase].

Idiomatic (a.) Alt. of Idiomatical.

Idiomatical (a.) Of or pertaining to, or conforming to, the mode of expression peculiar to a language; as, an idiomatic meaning; an idiomatic phrase. -- Id`i*o*mat"ic*al*ly, adv.

Idiomatical (a.) Of or pertaining to, or of the nature of an idiom[3]; having a meaning that is peculiar to itself and not predictable from general rules.

Idiomatic (a.) Of or relating to or conforming to idiom; "idiomatic English" [syn: idiomatic, idiomatical].

Idiomorphic (a.) Idiomorphous.

Idiomorphous (a.) Having a form of its own.

Idiomorphous (a.) (Crystallog.) Apperaing in distinct crystals; -- said of the mineral constituents of a rock.

Idiomuscular (a.) Applied to a semipermanent contraction of a muscle, produced by a mechanical irritant.

Idiopathetic (a.) Idiopathic.

Idiopathic (a.) Alt. of Idiopathical.

Idiopathical (a.) (Med.) 【醫】（疾病）自發的；特發的；原發的 Pertaining to idiopathy; characterizing a disease arising primarily, and not in consequence of some other disease or injury; -- opposed to {symptomatic}, {sympathetic}, and {traumatic}.-- {Id`i*o*path"ic*al*ly}, adv.

Idiopathic (a.) (Of diseases) Arising from an unknown cause; "idiopathic epilepsy."

Idiopathies (n. pl. ) of Idiopathy.

Idiopathy (n.) 【醫】原發症；自發病 A peculiar, or individual, characteristic or affection.

All men are so full of their own fancies and idiopathies, that they scarce have the civility to interchange any words with a stranger. -- Dr. H. More.

Idiopathy (n.) (Med.) A morbid state or condition not preceded or occasioned by any other disease; a primary disease.

Idiopathy (n.) Any disease arising from internal dysfunctions of unknown cause [syn: {idiopathic disease}, {idiopathic disorder}, {idiopathy}].

Idiophanous (a.) Exhibiting interference figures without the aid of a polariscope, as certain crystals.

Idioplasm (n.) Same as Idioplasma.

Idioplasma (n.) That portion of the cell protoplasm which is the seat of all active changes, and which carries on the function of hereditary transmission; -- distinguished from the other portion, which is termed nutritive plasma. See Hygroplasm.

Idiorepulsive (a.) Repulsive by itself; as, the idiorepulsive power of heat.

Idiosyncrasies (n. pl. ) of Idiosyncrasy.

Idiosyncrasy (n.) A peculiarity of physical or mental constitution or temperament; a characteristic belonging to, and distinguishing, an individual; characteristic susceptibility; idiocrasy; eccentricity.

Idiosyncratic (a.) Alt. of Idiosyncratical.

Idiosyncratical (a.) Of peculiar temper or disposition; belonging to one's peculiar and individual character.

Idiot (n.) [C] 白痴；傻瓜，笨蛋，糊塗蟲 A man in private station, as distinguished from one holding a public office. [Obs.]

St. Austin affirmed that the plain places of Scripture are sufficient to all laics, and all idiots or private persons. -- Jer. Taylor.

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