Webster's Unabridged Dictionary - Letter H - Page 63
Hyposulphate (n.) (Chem.) A salt of hyposulphuric acid.
Hyposulphite (n.) (Chem.) A salt of what was formerly called hyposulphurous acid; a thiosulphate. [Obs.]
Hyposulphite (n.) (Chem.) A salt of hyposulphurous acid proper.
Hyposulphuric (a.) (Chem.) Pertaining to, or containing, sulphur in a lower state of oxidation than in the sulphuric compounds; as, hyposulphuric acid.
Hyposulphuric acid, An acid, H2S2O6, obtained by the action of manganese dioxide on sulphur dioxide, and known only in a watery solution and in its salts; -- called also dithionic acid. See Dithionic.
Hyposulphurous (a.) (Chem.) Pertaining to, or containing, sulphur, all, or a part, in a low state of oxidation.
Hyposulphurous acid. Thiosulphuric acid. [Obs.]
Hyposulphurous acid. An acid, H2SO2, obtained by the reduction of sulphurous acid. It is not obtained in the free state, but in an orange-yellow water solution, which is a strong reducing and bleaching agent. Called also hydrosulphurous acid.
Hypotarsi (n. pl.) of Hypotarsus.
Hypotarsus (n.) (Anat.) A process on the posterior side of the tarsometatarsus of many birds; the calcaneal process. -- Hy`po*tar"sal, a. Hypotenuse
Hypotension (n.) 【醫】低血壓 Abnormally low blood pressure [ant: high blood pressure, hypertension].
Hypotenuse (n.) Alt. of Hypothenuse.
Hypothalamus (n.) (pl. - mi) A basal part of the diencephalon governing autonomic nervous system.
Hypothenuse (n.) (Geom.) The side of a right-angled triangle that is opposite to the right angle.
Hypothec (n.) (Scot. Law) A landlord's right, independently of stipulation, over the stocking (cattle, implements, etc.), and crops of his tenant, as security for payment of rent.
Hypotheca (n.) (Rom. Law) An obligation by which property of a debtor was made over to his creditor in security of his debt.
Note: It differed from pledge in regard to possession of the property subject to the obligation; pledge requiring, simple hypotheca not requiring, possession of it by the creditor. The modern mortgage corresponds very closely with it. -- Kent.
Hypothecated (imp. & p. p.) of Hypothecate.
Hypothecating (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Hypothecate.
Hypothecate (v. t.) (Law) To subject, as property, to liability for a debt or engagement without delivery of possession or transfer of title; to pledge without delivery of possession; to mortgage, as ships, or other personal property; to make a contract by bottomry. See Hypothecation, Bottomry.
He had found the treasury empty and the pay of the navy in arrear. He had no power to hypothecate any part of the public revenue. Those who lent him money lent it on no security but his bare word. -- Macaulay.
Hypothecate (v.) Pledge without delivery or title of possession.
Hypothecate (v.) To believe especially on uncertain or tentative grounds; "Scientists supposed that large dinosaurs lived in swamps" [syn: speculate, theorize, theorise, conjecture, hypothesize, hypothesise, hypothecate, suppose].
Hypothecation (n.) (Civ. Law) The act or contract by which property is hypothecated; a right which a creditor has in or to the property of his debtor, in virtue of which he may cause it to be sold and the price appropriated in payment of his debt. This is a right in the thing, or jus in re. -- Pothier. B. R. Curtis.
There are but few cases, if any, in our law, where an hypothecation, in the strict sense of the Roman law, exists; that is a pledge without possession by the pledgee. -- Story.
Note: In the modern civil law, this contract has no application to movable property, not even to ships, to which and their cargoes it is most frequently applied in England and America. See Hypothecate. -- B. R. Curtis. Domat.
Hypothecation (n.) (Law of Shipping) A contract whereby, in consideration of money advanced for the necessities of the ship, the vessel, freight, or cargo is made liable for its repayment, provided the ship arrives in safety. It is usually effected by a bottomry bond. See Bottomry.
Note: This term is often applied to mortgages of ships.
Hypothecation, () civil law. This term is used principally in the civil law; it is defined to be a right which a creditor has over a thing belonging to another, and which consists in the power to cause it to be sold, in order to be paid his claim out of the proceeds.
Hypothecation, () There are two species of hypothecation, one called pledge, pignus, and, the other properly denominated hypothecation. Pledge is that species, of hypothecation which is contracted by the delivery of the debtor to the creditor, of the thing hypothecated. Hypothecation, properly so called, is that which is contracted without delivery of the thing hypothecated. 2 Bell's Com. 25, 5th ed.
Hypothecation, () Hypothecation is further divided into general and special when the debtor hypothecates to his creditor all his estate and property, which he has, or may have, the hypothecation is general; when the hypothecation is confined to a particular estate, it is special.
Hypothecation, () Hypothecations are also distinguished into conventional, legal, and tacit. 1. Conventional hypothecations are those which arise by the agreement of the parties. Dig. 20, 1, 5.
Hypothecation, () Legal hypothecation is that which has not been agreed upon by any contract, express or implied; such as arises from the effect of judgments and executions.
Hypothecation, () A tacit, which is also a legal hypothecation, is that which the law gives in certain cases, without the consent of the parties, to secure the creditor; such as, 1st. The lien which the public treasury has over the property of public debtors. Code, 8, 15, 1. 2d. The landlord has a lien on the goods in the house leased, for the payment of his rent. Dig. 20, 2, 2; Code, 8, 15, 7, 3d. The builder has a lien, for his bill, on the house he has built. Dig. 20, 1. 4th, The pupil has a lien on the property of the guardian for the balance of his account. Dig. 46, 6, 22; Code, 6, 37, 20. 5th. There is hypothecation of the goods of a testator for the security of a legacy he has given. Code, 6, 43, 1.
Hypothecation, () In the common law, cases of hypothecation, in the strict sense of the civil law, that is, of a pledge of a chattel, without possession by the pledgee, are scarcely to be found; cases of bottomry bonds and claims for seamen's wages, against ships are the nearest approach to it; but these are liens and privileges rather than hypothecations. Story, Bailm. Sec. 288. It seems that chattels not in existence, though they cannot be pledged, can be hypothecated, so that the lien will attach, as soon as the chattel has been produced. 14 Pick. R. 497.
Vide, generally, Poth. de l'Hypoth´que; Poth. Mar. Contr. translated by Cushing, note. 26, p. 145; Commercial Code of France, translated by Rodman, note 52, p. 351; Merl. R´pertoire, mot Hypoth´que, where the subject is fully considered; 2 Bro. Civ. Law, 195; Ayl. Pand. 524; 1 Law Tracts, 224; Dane's Ab. h.t.; Abbott on Ship. Index, h.t.; 13 Ves. 599; Bac. Ab. Merchant, &c. G; Civil Code of Louis. tit. 22, where this sort of security bears the name of mortgage. (q.v.)
Hypothecator (n.) (Law) One who hypothecates or pledges anything as security for the repayment of money borrowed. Hypothenal
Hypothenal (a.) Alt. of Hypothenar.
Hypothenar (a.) (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the prominent part of the palm of the hand above the base of the little finger, or a corresponding part in the forefoot of an animal; as, the hypothenar eminence.
Hypothenar (n.) (Anat.) The hypothenar eminence.
Hypothenusal (a.) Of or pertaining to hypothenuse. [R.]
Hypotenuse, Hypothenuse (n.) (Geom.) The side of a right-angled triangle that is opposite to the right angle.
Hypothenuse (n.) Same as Hypotenuse.
Hypotheses (n. pl.) of Hypothesis.
Hypothesis (n.) A supposition; a proposition or principle which is supposed or taken for granted, in order to draw a conclusion or inference for proof of the point in question; something not proved, but assumed for the purpose of argument, or to account for a fact or an occurrence; as, the hypothesis that head winds detain an overdue steamer.
An hypothesis being a mere supposition, there are no other limits to hypotheses than those of the human imagination. -- J. S. Mill.
Hypothesis (n.) (Natural Science) A tentative theory or supposition provisionally adopted to explain certain facts, and to guide in the investigation of others; hence, frequently called a working hypothesis.
Syn: Supposition; assumption. See Theory.
Nebular hypothesis. See under Nebular. Hypothetic
Hypothesis (n.) A proposal intended to explain certain facts or observations.
Hypothesis (n.) A tentative insight into the natural world; a concept that is not yet verified but that if true would explain certain facts or phenomena; "a scientific hypothesis that survives experimental testing becomes a scientific theory"; "he proposed a fresh theory of alkalis that later was accepted in chemical practices" [syn: hypothesis, possibility, theory].
Hypothesis (n.) A message expressing an opinion based on incomplete evidence [syn: guess, conjecture, supposition, surmise, surmisal, speculation, hypothesis].
Hypothesis (n.) [ C ] (pl. Hypotheses) (C2) 假設；假說 An idea or explanation for something that is based on known facts but has not yet been proved.
// Several hypotheses for global warming have been suggested.
Hypothetic (a.) Alt. of Hypothetical.
Hypothetical (a.) 假設的；假定的 Characterized by, or of the nature of, an hypothesis; conditional; assumed without proof, for the purpose of reasoning and deducing proof, or of accounting for some fact or phenomenon.
Causes hypothetical at least, if not real, for the various phenomena of the existence of which our experience informs us. -- Sir W. Hamilton.
Hypothetical baptism (Ch. of Eng.), Baptism administered to persons in respect to whom it is doubtful whether they have or have not been baptized before. -- Hook. -- Hy`po*thet"ic*al*ly, adv. -- South.
Hypothetical (a.) Based primarily on surmise rather than adequate evidence; "theories about the extinction of dinosaurs are still highly conjectural"; "the supposed reason for his absence"; "suppositious reconstructions of dead languages"; "hypothetical situation" [syn: {conjectural}, {divinatory}, {hypothetical}, {hypothetic}, {supposed}, {suppositional}, {suppositious}, {supposititious}].
Hypothetical (n.) A hypothetical possibility, circumstance, statement, proposal, situation, etc.; "consider the following, just as a hypothetical".
Hypothetist (n.) One who proposes or supports an hypothesis. [R.]
Hypothyroid (a.) Of, relating to, or affected with hypothyroidism.
Hypothyroidism (n.) An underactive thyroid gland; a glandular disorder resulting from insufficient production of thyroid hormones [ant: hyperthyroidism, thyrotoxicosis].
Hypothyroidism (n.) (Pathology) Deficient activity of the thyroid gland.
Hypothyroidism (n.) (Pathology) The condition produced by a deficiency of thyroid secretion, resulting in goiter, myxedema, and, in children, cretinism.
Compare: Gorgerin
Gorgerin (n.) (Arch.) In some columns, that part of the capital between the termination of the shaft and the annulet of the echinus, or the space between two neck moldings; -- called also neck of the capital, and hypotrachelium. See Illust. of Column.
Hypotrachelium (n.) (Arch.) Same as Gorgerin.
Hypotricha (n. pl.) (Zool.) A division of ciliated Infusoria in which the cilia cover only the under side of the body.
Hypotrochoid (n.) (Geom.) A curve, traced by a point in the radius, or radius produced, of a circle which rolls upon the concave side of a fixed circle. See Hypocycloid, Epicycloid, and Trochoid.
Hypotyposis (n.) (Rhet.) A vivid, picturesque description of scenes or events.
Hypoxanthin (n.) (Physiol. Chem.) A crystalline, nitrogenous substance, closely related to xanthin and uric acid, widely distributed through the animal body, but especially in muscle tissue; -- called also sarcin, sarkin.
Hypozoic (a.) (Geol.) Anterior in age to the lowest rocks which contain organic remains. -- Lyell.
Hyppish (a.) Affected with hypochondria; hypped. [Written also hyppish.]
Hyppogriff (n.) See Hyppogriff.
Hypsiloid (a.) (Anat.) Resembling the Greek letter [Upsilon] in form; hyoid.
Hypsometer (n.) (Physics) An instrument for measuring heights by observation of barometric pressure; esp., one for determining heights by ascertaining the boiling point of water. It consists of a vessel for water, with a lamp for heating it, and an inclosed thermometer for showing the temperature of ebullition. Hypsometric
Hypsometer (n.) An altimeter that uses the boiling point of water to determine land elevation.
Hypsometric (a.) Alt. of Hypsometrical.
Hypsometrical (a.) Of or pertaining to hypsometry.
Hypsometry (n.) That branch of the science of geodesy which has to do with the measurement of heights, either absolutely with reference to the sea level, or relatively.
Hypsometry (n.) Measurement of the elevation of land above sea level [syn: hypsometry, hypsography].
Hypural (a.) (Anat.) Under the tail; -- applied to the bones which support the caudal fin rays in most fishes.
Hyracoid (a.) (Zool.) Of or pertaining to the Hyracoidea.
Hyracoid (n.) (Zool.) One of the Hyracoidea.
Hyracoidea (n. pl.) (Zool.) An order of small hoofed mammals, comprising the single living genus Hyrax.
Hyracoidea (n.) Hyraxes and some extinct animals [syn: Hyracoidea, order Hyracoidea].
Hyrax (n.) (Zool.) Any animal of the genus Hyrax, of which about four species are known. They constitute the order Hyracoidea. The best known species are the daman ({Hyrax Syriacus) of Palestine, and the klipdas ({Hyrax capensis) of South Africa. Other species are Hyrax arboreus and Hyrax Sylvestris, the former from Southern, and the latter from Western, Africa.
See Daman. Hyrcanian
Hyrax (n.) Any of several small ungulate mammals of Africa and Asia with rodent-like incisors and feet with hooflike toes [syn: hyrax, coney, cony, dassie, das].
Hyrcanian (a.) Alt. of Hyrcan.
Hyrcan (a.) Of or pertaining to Hyrcania, an ancient country or province of Asia, southeast of the Caspian (which was also called the Hyrcanian) Sea. "The Hyrcan tiger." "Hyrcanian deserts." -- Shak.
Hyrse (n.) (Bot.) Millet.
Hyrst (n.) A wood. See Hurst.
Hyson (n.) A fragrant kind of green tea.
Hyson skin, The light and inferior leaves separated from the hyson by a winnowing machine. -- M`Culloch.
Hyson (n.) A Chinese green tea with twisted leaves.
Hyssop (n.) A plant ({Hyssopus officinalis). The leaves have an aromatic smell, and a warm, pungent taste.
Note: The hyssop of Scripture is supposed to be a species of caper ({Capparis spinosa), but probably the name was used for several different plants.
Hyssop (n.) A European mint with aromatic and pungent leaves used in perfumery and as a seasoning in cookery; often cultivated as a remedy for bruises; yields hyssop oil [syn: hyssop, Hyssopus officinalis].
Hyssop (n.) Bitter leaves used sparingly in salads; dried flowers used in soups and tisanes.
Hyssop, () (Heb. 'ezob; LXX. hyssopos), first mentioned in Ex. 12:22 in connection with the institution of the Passover. We find it afterwards mentioned in Lev. 14:4, 6, 52; Num. 19:6, 18; Heb. 9:19. It is spoken of as a plant "springing out of the wall" (1 Kings 4:33). Many conjectures have been formed as to what this plant really was. Some contend that it was a species of marjoram (origanum), six species of which are found in Palestine. Others with more probability think that it was the caper plant, the Capparis spinosa of Linnaeus. This plant grew in Egypt, in the desert of Sinai, and in Palestine. It was capable of producing a stem three or four feet in length (Matt. 27:48; Mark 15:36. Comp. John 19:29).
Hysteranthous (a.) (Bot.) Having the leaves expand after the flowers have opened. -- Henslow.
Hysteresis (n.) (Physics) A lagging or retardation of the effect, when the forces acting upon a body are changed, as if from velocity or internal friction; a temporary resistance to change from a condition previously induced, observed in magnetism, thermoelectricity, etc., on reversal of polarity.
Hysteria (n.) [U] (Med.) 歇斯底里；毫無來由的情緒激動；情緒爆發 A nervous affection, occurring almost exclusively in women, in which the emotional and reflex excitability is exaggerated, and the will power correspondingly diminished, so that the patient loses control over the emotions, becomes the victim of imaginary sensations, and often falls into paroxism or fits.
Note: The chief symptoms are convulsive, tossing movements of the limbs and head, uncontrollable crying and laughing, and a choking sensation as if a ball were lodged in the throat. The affection presents the most varied symptoms, often simulating those of the gravest diseases, but generally curable by mental treatment alone. Hysteric
Hysteria (n.) State of violent mental agitation [syn: {craze}, {delirium}, {frenzy}, {fury}, {hysteria}].
Hysteria (n.) Excessive or uncontrollable fear.
Hysteria (n.) Neurotic disorder characterized by violent emotional outbreaks and disturbances of sensory and motor functions [syn: {hysteria}, {hysterical neurosis}].
Hysterical (a.) Extremely funny. [Colloq.]
Hysteric, Hysterical (a.) Of or pertaining to hysteria.
With no hysteric weakness or feverish excitement, they preserved their peace and patience. -- Bancroft.
Hysteric, Hysterical (a.) In a state of hysteria; affected, or troubled, with hysterics; uncontrollably emotional; convulsive, fitful.
Hysteric, Hysterical (a.) In a state of panic or behaving in a wild irrational manner, due to fear or emotional trauma.
Hysteric, Hysterical (a.)4. Resembling hysteria; as, hysterical laughter.
Hysterical (a.) Characterized by or arising from psychoneurotic hysteria; "during hysterical conditions various functions of the human body are disordered"- Morris Fishbein; "hysterical amnesia" [syn: hysteric, hysterical].
Hysterical (a.) Marked by excessive or uncontrollable emotion; "hysterical laughter"; "a mob of hysterical vigilantes".
Hysterical (a.) (C1) 歇斯底里的；情緒過分激動的 Unable to control your feelings or behaviour because you are extremely frightened, angry, excited, etc..
// Calm down, you're getting hysterical.
// The police were accused of hysterical over-reaction.
// Hysterical laughter (= uncontrolled laughter) .
Hysterical (a.) (C1) (Informal) 極為滑稽的 Extremely funny.
// His last film was hysterical.
Hysterics (n. pl.) (Med.) Hysteria.
Hysterics (n.) An attack of hysteria.
Hysteroepilepsy (n.) (Med.) A disease resembling hysteria in its nature, and characterized by the occurrence of epileptiform convulsions, which can often be controlled or excited by pressure on the ovaries, and upon other definite points in the body. -- Hys`ter*o*ep`i*lep"tic, a.
Hysterogenic (a.) (Physiol.) Producing hysteria; as, the hysterogenicpressure points on the surface of the body, pressure upon which is said both to produce and arrest an attack of hysteria. -- De Watteville.
Hysterology (n.) (Rhet.) A figure by which the ordinary course of thought is inverted in expression, and the last put first; -- called also hysteron proteron.
Compare: Hysteron proteron
Hysteron proteron (n.) (Rhet.) A figure in which the natural order of sense is reversed; hysterology; as, valet atque vivit, "he is well and lives".
Hysteron proteron (n.) (Rhet.) An inversion of logical order, in which the conclusion is put before the premises, or the thing proved before the evidence.
Hysteron proteron (n.) Reversal of normal order of two words or sentences etc. (as in `bred and born')
Hysteron proteron (n.) The logical fallacy of using as a true premise a proposition that is yet to be proved.
Hysteron proteron (n.) A figure of speech consisting of the reversal of a natural or rational order (as in “Then came the thunder and the lightning.”)
Hysterophyte (n.) (Bot.) A plant, like the fungus, which lives on dead or living organic matter. -- Hys`ter*oph"y*tal, a.
Hysterotomy (n.) (Med.) The act of cutting into the uterus, as in C[ae]sarean section. See under C[ae]sarean.
Hysterotomy (n.) Surgical incision into the uterus (as in cesarean section).
Hystricine (a.) (Zool.) Like or pertaining to the porcupines.
Hystricomorphous (a.) (Zool.) Like, or allied to, the porcupines; -- said of a group ({Hystricomorpha) of rodents.
Hystrix (prop. n.) (Zool.) A genus of rodents, including the porcupine.
Hythe (n.) A small haven. See Hithe. [Obs.]
A dictionary containing a natural history requires too many hands, as well as too much time, ever to be hoped for.