Webster's Unabridged Dictionary - Letter H - Page 57
Hybridist (n.) One who hybridizes.
Hybridity (n.) Hybridism.
Hybridizable (a.) Capable of forming a hybrid, or of being subjected to a hybridizing process; capable of producing a hybrid by union with another species or stock.
Hybridization (n.) The act of hybridizing, or the state of being hybridized.
Hybridized (imp. & p. p.) of Hybridize
Hybridizing (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Hybridize
Hybridize (v. t.) To render hybrid; to produce by mixture of stocks.
Hybridizer (n.) One who hybridizes.
Hybridous (a.) Same as Hybrid.
Hydage (n.) A land tax. See Hidage.
Hydantoic (a.) Pertaining to, or derived from, hydantoin. See Glycoluric.
Hydantoin (n.) A derivative of urea, C3H4N2O2, obtained from allantion, as a white, crystalline substance, with a sweetish taste; -- called also glycolyl urea.
Hydatid (n.) A membranous sac or bladder filled with a pellucid fluid, found in various parts of the bodies of animals, but unconnected with the tissues. It is usually formed by parasitic worms, esp. by larval tapeworms, as Echinococcus and Coenurus. See these words in the Vocabulary.
Hydatiform (a.) Resembling a hydatid.
Hydatoid (a.) Resembling water; watery; aqueous; hyaloid.
Hydr- () See under Hydro-.
Hydras (n. pl. ) of Hydra.
Hydrae (n. pl. ) of Hydra.
Hydra (n.) A serpent or monster in the lake or marsh of Lerna, in the Peloponnesus, represented as having many heads, one of which, when cut off, was immediately succeeded by two others, unless the wound was cauterized. It was slain by Hercules. Hence, a terrible monster.
Hydra (n.) Hence: A multifarious evil, or an evil having many sources; not to be overcome by a single effort.
Hydra (n.) Any small fresh-water hydroid of the genus Hydra, usually found attached to sticks, stones, etc., by a basal sucker.
Hydra (n.) A southern constellation of great length lying southerly from Cancer, Leo, and Virgo.
Hydrachnid (n.) An aquatic mite of the genus Hydrachna. The hydrachnids, while young, are parasitic on fresh-water mussels.
Hydracid (n.) An acid containing hydrogen; -- sometimes applied to distinguish acids like hydrochloric, hydrofluoric, and the like, which contain no oxygen, from the oxygen acids or oxacids. See Acid.
Hydracrylic (a.) Pertaining to, or designating, an isomeric variety of lastic acid that breaks down into acrylic acid and water.
Hydractinian (n.) Any species or marine hydroids, of the genus Hydractinia and allied genera. These hydroids form, by their rootstalks, a firm, chitinous coating on shells and stones, and esp. on spiral shells occupied by hermit crabs. See Illust. of Athecata.
Hydraemia (n.) An abnormally watery state of the blood; anaemia.
Hydragogue (a.) Causing a discharge of water; expelling serum effused into any part of the body, as in dropsy.
Hydragogue (n.) A hydragogue medicine, usually a cathartic or diuretic.
Hydramide (n.) One of a group of crystalline bodies produced by the action of ammonia on certain aldehydes.
Hydramine (n.) One of a series of artificial, organic bases, usually produced as thick viscous liquids by the action of ammonia on ethylene oxide. They have the properties both of alcohol and amines.
Hydrangea (n.) A genus of shrubby plants bearing opposite leaves and large heads of showy flowers, white, or of various colors. H. hortensis, the common garden species, is a native of China or Japan.
Hydrant (n.) A discharge pipe with a valve and spout at which water may be drawn from the mains of waterworks; a water plug.
Hydranth (n.) One of the nutritive zooids of a hydroid colony. Also applied to the proboscis or manubrium of a hydroid medusa. See Illust. of Hydroidea.
Hydrargochloride (n.) A compound of the bichloride of mercury with another chloride.
Hydrargyrate (a.) Of or pertaining to mercury; containing, or impregnated with, mercury.
Hydrargyrism (n.) A diseased condition produced by poisoning with hydrargyrum, or mercury; mercurialism.
Hydrargyrum (n.) Quicksilver; mercury.
Hydrarthrosis (n.) An effusion of watery liquid into the cavity of a joint.
Hydrastine (n.) An alkaloid, found in the rootstock of the golden seal (Hydrastis Canadensis), and extracted as a bitter, white, crystalline substance. It is used as a tonic and febrifuge.
Hydra-tainted (a.) Dipped in the gall of the fabulous hydra; poisonous; deadly.
Hydrate (n.) (Chem.) A compound formed by the union of water with some other substance, generally forming a neutral body, as certain crystallized salts.
Hydrate (n.) (Chem.) A substance which does not contain water as such, but has its constituents (hydrogen, oxygen, hydroxyl) so arranged that water may be eliminated; hence, a derivative of, or compound with, hydroxyl; hydroxide; as, ethyl hydrate, or common alcohol; calcium hydrate, or slaked lime.
Hydrated (imp. & p. p.) of Hydrate.
Hydrating (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Hydrate.
Hydrate (v. t.) 使成水合物 To form into a hydrate; to combine with water.
Hydrate (n.) Any compound that contains water of crystallization.
Hydrate (v.) Supply water or liquid to in order to maintain a healthy balance; "the bicyclists must be hydrated frequently".
Hydrate (v.) Become hydrated and combine with water.
Hydrate (v.) Cause to be hydrated; add water or moisture to; "hydrate your skin" [ant: dehydrate, desiccate, dry up, exsiccate].
Hydrate (v.) [ I or T ] （身體）補充水分 To make your body absorb water or other liquid.
// Oils that help hydrate your skin.
// Make sure you hydrate (= drink something) before you exercise.
Hydrate (n.) [ C ] 水合物；水化物 A chemical that contains water.
Hydrated (a.) Formed into a hydrate; combined with water.
Hydration (n.) (Chem.) 水合作用The act of becoming, or state of being, a hydrate.
Water of hydration (Chem.), Water chemically combined with some substance to form a hydrate; -- distinguished from water of crystallization.
Compare: Crystallization
Crystallization (n.) (British Crystallisation) 結晶化；結晶體；具體化 See Crystallize.
Compare: Crystallize
Crystallize (v.) (British C rystallise) (v. i.) 結晶，形成結晶體；成形；具體化 (v. t.) 使結晶；使成形；使具體化；覆以糖霜，包以糖 Form or cause to form crystals.
[No object ]‘When most liquids freeze they crystallize.’
[With object ]‘Thermal processing is required in order to crystallize the ink.’
Crystallize (v.) Make or become definite and clear.
‘Vague feelings of unrest crystallized into something more concrete.’
[With object] ‘Writing can help to crystallize your thoughts.’
Crystallize (v.) [British] [Finance] Convert or be converted from a floating charge into a fixed charge.
[No object ]‘No deduction is given for contingent liabilities until they crystallize.’
[With object] ‘The sale may not crystallize the charge.’
Compare: Floating Charge
Floating Charge (n.) 浮動擔保A liability to a creditor which relates to the company's assets as a whole and may become fixed in particular circumstances (such as liquidation).
Compare: Fixed Charge
Fixed Charge (n.) 固定抵押 A liability to a creditor which relates to specific assets of a company.
Hydration (n.) The process of combining with water; usually reversible.
Hydraulic (a.) 水力的，水壓的 Of or pertaining to hydraulics, or to fluids in motion; conveying, or acting by, water; as, an hydraulic clock, crane, or dock.
Hydraulic (a.) Moved or operated or effected by liquid (water or oil); "hydraulic erosion"; "hydraulic brakes".
Hydraulic (a.) Of or relating to the study of hydraulics; "hydraulic engineer".
Hydraulic fracturing (n.) （油層）水力壓裂（英語：Hydraulic fracturing，又稱為水力劈裂、水力裂解技術）是開採頁岩氣時所用的方法，用水壓將岩石層壓裂，從而釋放出其中的天然氣或石油。1947年人類第一次使用水力壓裂技術。現代水力壓裂技術，與1998年首次在德克薩斯州的巴涅特頁岩使用，此技術稱為水平減阻水力壓裂技術，使提取頁岩氣更加經濟。水力壓裂的原理是將高能量加壓壓裂液注入一個可以產生很多新裂隙的儲層中。此技術可以提高碳氫化合物的萃取率和最終採收率。
水力壓裂是一項有廣泛應用前景的油氣井增產措施，水力壓裂法是目前開採天然氣的主要形式，使用摻入化學物質的水（壓裂液）灌入頁岩層進行液壓碎裂以釋放天然氣。這項技術在10年 中在美國被大範圍推廣，但美國人正在擔憂這項技術將污染水源，從而威脅當地生態環境和居民身體健康。並認為這種技術給環境帶來了極大的傷害，包括使自來水 自燃，引發小幅地震等。反對者指出潛在的環境影響，包括地下水的污染，淡水耗損，空氣品質的風險，氣體和水力壓裂化學品遷移到地表面，洩漏和回流的表面污 染，以及這些問題對健康的影響。[1]
(Also fracking, fraccing, frac'ing, hydrofracturing or hydrofracking) Is a well stimulation technique in which rock is fractured by a pressurized liquid. The process involves the high-pressure injection of 'fracking fluid' (primarily water, containing sand or other proppants suspended with the aid of thickening agents) into a wellbore to create cracks in the deep-rock formations through which natural gas, petroleum, and brine will flow more freely. When the hydraulic pressure is removed from the well, small grains of hydraulic fracturing proppants (either sand or aluminium oxide) hold the fractures open. [1]
Hydraulic fracturing began as an experiment in 1947, and the first commercially successful application followed in 1950. As of 2012, 2.5 million "frac jobs" had been performed worldwide on oil and gas wells; over one million of those within the U.S.[2][3] Such treatment is generally necessary to achieve adequate flow rates in shale gas, tight gas, tight oil, and coal seam gas wells.[4] Some hydraulic fractures can form naturally in certain veins or dikes. [5]
Hydraulic fracturing is highly controversial in many countries. Its proponents advocate the economic benefits of more extensively accessible hydrocarbons. [6] [7] Opponents argue that these are outweighed by the potential environmental impacts, which include risks of ground and surface water contamination, air and noise pollution, and the triggering of earthquakes, along with the consequential hazards to public health and the environment. [8] [9]
Increases in seismic activity following hydraulic fracturing along dormant or previously unknown faults are sometimes caused by the deep-injection disposal of hydraulic fracturing flowback (a byproduct of hydraulically fractured wells), [10] and produced formation brine (a byproduct of both fractured and nonfractured oil and gas wells). [11] For these reasons, hydraulic fracturing is under international scrutiny, restricted in some countries, and banned altogether in others. [12] [13] [14] The European Union is drafting regulations that would permit the controlled application of hydraulic fracturing. [15]
Hydraulical (a.) Hydraulic.
Hydraulicon (n.) An ancient musical instrument played by the action of water; a water organ.
Hydraulics (n.) 水力學 That branch of science, or of engineering, which treats of fluids in motion, especially of water, its action in rivers and canals, the works and machinery for conducting or raising it, its use as a prime mover, and the like.
Hydraulics (n.) Study of the mechanics of fluids [syn: {fluid mechanics}, {hydraulics}].
Hydrazine (n.) Any one of a series of nitrogenous bases, resembling the amines and produced by the reduction of certain nitroso and diazo compounds; as, methyl hydrazine, phenyl hydrazine, etc. They are derivatives of hydrazine proper, H2N.NH2, which is a doubled amido group, recently (1887) isolated as a stable, colorless gas, with a peculiar, irritating odor. As a base it forms distinct salts. Called also diamide, amidogen, (or more properly diamidogen), etc.
Hydrencephsloid (a.) Same as Hydrocephaloid.
Hydria (n.) A water jar; esp., one with a large rounded body, a small neck, and three handles. Some of the most beautiful Greek vases are of this form.
Hydriad (n.) A water nymph.
Hydric (a.) Pertaining to, or containing, hydrogen; as, hydric oxide.
Hydride (n.) A compound of the binary type, in which hydrogen is united with some other element.
Hydriform (a.) Having the form or structure of a hydra.
Hydrina (n. pl.) The group of hydroids to which the fresh-water hydras belong.
Hydriodate (n.) Same as Hydriodide.
Hydriodic (a.) Pertaining to, or derived from, hydrogen and iodine; -- said of an acid produced by the combination of these elements.
Hydriodide (n.) A compound of hydriodic acid with a base; -- distinguished from an iodide, in which only the iodine combines with the base.
Hydro- () Alt. of Hydr-
Hydr- () A combining form from Gr. ?, ?, water (see Hydra).
Hydr- () (Chem.) A combining form of hydrogen, indicating hydrogen as an ingredient, as hydrochloric; or a reduction product obtained by hydrogen, as hydroquinone.
Hydrobarometer (n.) An instrument for determining the depth of the sea water by its pressure.
Hydrobilirubin (n.) (Physiol. Chem.) A body formed from bilirubin, identical with urobilin.
Compare: Stercobilin
Stercobilin (n.) (Physiol. Chem.) A coloring matter found in the faeces, a product of the alteration of the bile pigments in the intestinal canal, -- identical with hydrobilirubin.
Hydrobranchiata (n. pl.) An extensive artificial division of gastropod mollusks, including those that breathe by gills, as contrasted with the Pulmonifera.
Hydrobromate (n.) Same as Hydrobromide.
Hydrobromic (a.) Composed of hydrogen and bromine; as, hydrobromic acid.
Hydrobromide (n.) A compound of hydrobromic acid with a base; -- distinguished from a bromide, in which only the bromine unites with the base.
Hydrocarbon (n.) A compound containing only hydrogen and carbon, as methane, benzene, etc.; also, by extension, any of their derivatives.
Hydrocarbonaceous (a.) Of the nature, or containing, hydrocarbons.
Hydrocarbonate (n.) A hydrocarbon.
Hydrocarbonate (n.) A hydrous carbonate, as malachite.
Hydrocarbostyril (n.) A white, crystalline, nitrogenous hydrocarbon, C9H9NO, obtained from certain derivatives of cinnamic acid and closely related to quinoline and carbostyril.
Hydrocarburet (n.) Carbureted hydrogen; also, a hydrocarbon.
Hydrocauli (n. pl. ) of Hydrocaulus
Hydrocaulus (n.) The hollow stem of a hydroid, either simple or branched. See Illust. of Gymnoblastea and Hydroidea.
Hydrocele (n.) A collection of serous fluid in the areolar texture of the scrotum or in the coverings, especially in the serous sac, investing the testicle or the spermatic cord; dropsy of the testicle.
Hydrocephalic (a.) Relating to, or connected with, hydrocephalus, or dropsy of the brain.
Hydrocephaloid (a.) Resembling hydrocephalus.
Hydrocephalous (a.) Having hydrocephalus.
Hydrocephalus (n.) An accumulation of liquid within the cavity of the cranium, especially within the ventricles of the brain; dropsy of the brain. It is due usually to tubercular meningitis. When it occurs in infancy, it often enlarges the head enormously.
Hydrochlorate (n.) Same as Hydrochloride.
Hydrochloric (a.) Pertaining to, or compounded of, chlorine and hydrogen gas; as, hydrochloric acid; chlorhydric.
Hydrochloride (n.) A compound of hydrochloric acid with a base; -- distinguished from a chloride, where only chlorine unites with the base.
Hydrocorallia (n. pl.) A division of Hydroidea, including those genera that secrete a stony coral, as Millepora and Stylaster. Two forms of zooids in life project from small pores in the coral and resemble those of other hydroids. See Millepora.
Hydrocyanate (n.) See Hydrocyanide.
Hydrocyanic (a.) Pertaining to, or derived from the combination of, hydrogen and cyanogen.
Hydrocyanide (n.) A compound of hydrocyanic acid with a base; -- distinguished from a cyanide, in which only the cyanogen so combines.
Hydrodynamic (a.) Alt. of Hydrodynamical.
Hydrodynamical (a.) Pertaining to, or derived from, the dynamical action of water of a liquid; of or pertaining to water power.
Hydrodynamics (n.) That branch of the science of mechanics which relates to fluids, or, as usually limited, which treats of the laws of motion and action of nonelastic fluids, whether as investigated mathematically, or by observation and experiment; the principles of dynamics, as applied to water and other fluids.
Hydrodynamometer (n.) An instrument to measure the velocity of a liquid current by the force of its impact.
Hydro-electric (a.) Pertaining to, employed in, or produced by, the evolution of electricity by means of a battery in which water or steam is used.
Hydro-extractor (n.) An apparatus for drying anything, as yarn, cloth, sugar, etc., by centrifugal force; a centrifugal.
Hydroferricyanic (n.) Pertaining to, or containing, or obtained from, hydrogen, ferric iron, and cyanogen; as, hydroferricyanic acid. See Ferricyanic.
Hydroferrocyanic (a.) Pertaining to, or containing, or obtained from, hydrogen, ferrous iron, and cyanogen; as, hydroferrocyanic acid. See Ferrocyanic.