Webster's Unabridged Dictionary - Letter A

Webster's Unabridged Dictionary - Letter A - Page 81

Apprentice (n.) [C] 學徒，徒弟；見習生 One not well versed in a subject; a tyro.

Apprentice (n.) (Old law) A barrister, considered a learner of law till of sixteen years' standing, when he might be called to the rank of serjeant. [Obs.] -- Blackstone.

Apprenticed (imp. & p. p.) of Apprentice.

Apprenticing (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Apprentice.

Apprentice (v. t.) 使當學徒 To bind to, or put under the care of, a master, for the purpose of instruction in a trade or business.

Apprentice (n.) Works for an expert to learn a trade [syn: {apprentice}, {learner}, {prentice}].

Apprentice (v.) (v. i.) 當學徒 Be or work as an apprentice; "She apprenticed with the great master."

Apprentice (n.), Person, contracts. A person bound in due form of law to a master, to learn from him his art, trade or business, and to serve him during the time of his apprenticeship. (q.v.) 1 Bl. Com. 426; 2 Kent, Com. 211; 3 Rawle, Rep. 307; Chit. on Ap. 4 T. R. 735; Bouv. Inst. Index, h.t.

Apprentice (n.) Formerly the name of apprentice en la ley was given indiscriminately to all students of law. In the reign of Edward IV. they were sometimes called apprentice ad barras. And in some of the ancient law writers, the term apprentice and barrister are synonymous. 2 Inst. 214; Eunom. Dial, 2, Sec. 53, p. 155.

Apprenticeage (n.) Apprenticeship. [Obs.]

Apprenticehood (n.) Apprenticeship. [Obs.]

Apprenticeship (n.) 學徒身分，學徒資格 [U] [C]；學徒期；見習期 [C] The service or condition of an apprentice; the state in which a person is gaining instruction in a trade or art, under legal agreement.

Apprenticeship (n.) The time an apprentice is serving (sometimes seven years, as from the age of fourteen to twenty-one). Appressed

Apprenticeship (n.) The position of apprentice.

Apprenticeship, () contracts. A contract entered into between a person who understands some art, trade or business, and called the master, and another person commonly a minor, during his or her minority, who is called the apprentice, with the consent of his or her parent or next friend by which the former undertakes to teach such minor his art, trade or business, and to fulfill such other covenants as may be agreed upon; and the latter agrees to serve the master during a definite period of time, in such art, trade or business. In a common indenture of apprenticeship, the father is bound for the performance of the covenants by the son. Daug. 500.

Apprenticeship, () The term during which the apprentice is to serve is also called his apprenticeship. Pardessus, )Dr. Com. n. 34.

Apprenticeship, () This contract is generally entered into by indenture or deed, and is to continue no longer than the minority of the apprentice. The English statute law as to binding out minors as apprentices to learn some useful art,. trade or business, has been generally adopted in the United States, with some variations which cannot, be noticed here. 2 Kent, Com. 212.

Apprenticeship, () The principal duties of the parties are as follows: 1st, Duties of the master. He is bound to instruct the apprentice by teaching him, bona fide, the knowledge of the art of which he has undertaken to teach him the elements. He ought to, watch over the conduct of the apprentice, giving him prudent advice and showing him a good example, and fulfilling towards him the duties of a father, as in his character of master, he stands in loco parentis. He is also required to fulfill all the covenants he has entered into by the indenture. He must not abuse his authority, either by bad treatment, or by employing his apprentice in menial employments, wholly unconnected with the business he has to learn. He cannot dismiss his apprentice except by application to a competent tribunal, upon whose, decree the indenture may be cancelled. But an infant apprentice is not capable in law of consenting to his own discharge. 1 Burr. 501. Nor can the justices, according to some authorities, order money to be returned on the discharge of an apprentice. Strange, 69 Contra, Salk. 67, 68, 490; 11 Mod. 110 12 Mod. 498, 553. After the apprenticeship is at an end, he cannot retain the apprentice on the ground that he has not fulfilled his contract, unless specially authorized by statute.

Apprenticeship, () Duties of the apprentice. An apprentice is bound to obey his master in all his lawful commands, take care of his property, and promote his interest, endeavor to learn his trade or business, and perform all the covenants in his indenture not contrary to law. He must not leave his master's service during the term of the apprenticeship. The apprentice is entitled to payment for extraordinary services, when promised by the master; 1 Penn. Law Jour. 368. See 1 Whart. 113; and even when no express promise has been made, under peculiar circumstances. 2 Cranch, 240, 270; 3 Rob. Ad. Rep. 237; but see 1 Whart, 113. See generally, 2 Kent, Com. 211-214; Bac. Ab. Master and Servant; 1 Saund. R. 313, n. 1, 2, 3, and 4; 3 Rawle, R. 307 3 Vin. Ab. 19; 1 Bouv. Inst. n. 396, et seq. The law of France on this subject is strikingly similar to our own. Pardessus, Droit Com. n. 518-522.

Apprenticeship, () Apprenticeship is a relation which cannot be assigned at the common law 5 Bin. 428 4 T. R. 373; Doug. 70 3 Keble, 519; 12 Mod. 554; although the apprentice may work with a second master by order and consent of the first, which is a service to the first under the indenture. 4 T. R. 373. But, in Pennsylvania and some other states the assignment of indentures of apprenticeship is authorized by statute. 1 Serg. & R. 249; 3 Serg. & R. 161, 164, 166.

Appressed (a.) Alt. of Apprest.

Apprest (a.) (Bot.) Pressed close to, or lying against, something for its whole length, as against a stem. -- Gray.

Apprised (imp. & p. p.) of Apprise.

Apprising (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Apprise.

Apprise (v. t.) 告知，通知；評價 To give notice, verbal or written; to inform; -- followed by of; as, we will apprise the general of an intended attack; he apprised the commander of what he had done.

Apprise (n.) Notice; information. [Obs.] -- Gower.

Apprise (v.) Inform (somebody) of something; "I advised him that the rent was due" [syn: {advise}, {notify}, {give notice}, {send word}, {apprise}, {apprize}].

Apprise (v.) Make aware of; "Have the students been apprised of the tuition hike?" [syn: {instruct}, {apprise}, {apprize}].

Apprise (v.) Gain in value; "The yen appreciated again!" [syn: {appreciate}, {apprize}, {apprise}, {revalue}] [ant: {depreciate}, {devaluate}, {devalue}, {undervalue}].

Apprise (v.) Increase the value of; "The Germans want to appreciate the Deutsche Mark" [syn: {appreciate}, {apprize}, {apprise}] [ant: {depreciate}].

Apprizal (n.) See {Appraisal}.

Compare: Appraisal

Appraisal (n.) [See {Appraise}. Cf. {Apprizal}.] [U] [C] 評價；估量；估價 A valuation by an authorized person; an appraisement.

Appraisal (n.) The classification of someone or something with respect to its worth [syn: appraisal, assessment].

Appraisal (n.) A document appraising the value of something (as for insurance or taxation) [syn: appraisal, estimate, estimation].

Appraisal (n.) An expert estimation of the quality, quantity, and other characteristics of someone or something.

Apprize (v. t.) [The same as {Appraise}, only more accommodated to the English form of the L. pretiare.] To appraise; to value; to appreciate.

Apprize (v.) Inform (somebody) of something; "I advised him that the rent was due" [syn: {advise}, {notify}, {give notice}, {send word}, {apprise}, {apprize}].

Apprize (v.) Make aware of; "Have the students been apprised of the tuition hike?" [syn: {instruct}, {apprise}, {apprize}].

Apprize (v.) Gain in value; "The yen appreciated again!" [syn: {appreciate}, {apprize}, {apprise}, {revalue}] [ant: {depreciate}, {devaluate}, {devalue}, {undervalue}].

Apprize (v.) Increase the value of; "The Germans want to appreciate the Deutsche Mark" [syn: {appreciate}, {apprize}, {apprise}] [ant: {depreciate}].

Apprizement (n.) 評價，估價；估值 Appraisement.

Apprizer (n.) 評價人；鑑定人；【美】（海關的）估價官 An appraiser.

Apprizer (n.) (Scots Law) A creditor for whom an appraisal is made. -- Sir W. Scott.

Approached (imp. & p. p.) of Approach.

Approaching (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Approach.

Approach (v. i.) 接近，靠近；即將達到 To come or go near, in place or time; to draw nigh; to advance nearer.

Wherefore approached ye so nigh unto the city? -- 2 Sam. xi. 20.

But exhorting one another; and so much the more, as ye see the day approaching. -- Heb. x. 25.

Approach (v. i.) To draw near, in a figurative sense; to make advances; to approximate; as, he approaches to the character of the ablest statesman.

Approach (v. t.) 接近，靠近；近乎，即將達到 To bring near; to cause to draw near; to advance. [Archaic] -- Boyle.

Approach (v. t.) To come near to in place, time, or character; to draw nearer to; as, to approach the city; to approach my cabin; he approached the age of manhood.

He was an admirable poet, and thought even to have approached Homer. -- Temple.

Approach (v. t.) (Mil.) To take approaches to.

Approach (n.) 接近，靠近；即將達到 [U] [（+of）]；通道，入口 [C] [（+to）] The act of drawing near; a coming or advancing near. "The approach of summer." -- Horsley.

A nearer approach to the human type. -- Owen.

Approach (n.) A access, or opportunity of drawing near.

The approach to kings and principal persons. -- Bacon.

Approach (n.) pl. Movements to gain favor; advances.

Approach (n.) A way, passage, or avenue by which a place or buildings can be approached; an access. -- Macaulay.

Approach (n.) pl. (Fort.) The advanced works, trenches, or covered roads made by besiegers in their advances toward a fortress or military post.

Approach (n.) (Hort.) See {Approaching}.

Approach (n.) (Golf) A stroke whose object is to land the ball on the putting green. It is made with an iron club.

Approach (n.) (Aviation) that part of a flight during which an airplane descends toward the landing strip.

Approach (n.) (Bowling) The steps taken by a bowler just before delivering the ball toward the pins.

Approach (n.) Ideas or actions intended to deal with a problem or situation; "his approach to every problem is to draw up a list of pros and cons"; "an attack on inflation"; "his plan of attack was misguided" [syn: {approach}, {attack}, {plan of attack}].

Approach (n.) The act of drawing spatially closer to something; "the hunter's approach scattered the geese" [syn: {approach}, {approaching}, {coming}].

Approach (n.) A way of entering or leaving; "he took a wrong turn on the access to the bridge" [syn: {access}, {approach}].

Approach (n.) The final path followed by an aircraft as it is landing [syn: {approach path}, {approach}, {glide path}, {glide slope}].

Approach (n.) The event of one object coming closer to another [syn: {approach}, {approaching}].

Approach (n.) A tentative suggestion designed to elicit the reactions of others; "she rejected his advances" [syn: {overture}, {advance}, {approach}, {feeler}].

Approach (n.) The temporal property of becoming nearer in time; "the approach of winter" [syn: {approach}, {approaching}, {coming}].

Approach (n.) A close approximation; "the nearest approach to genius."

Approach (n.) A relatively short golf shot intended to put the ball onto the putting green; "he lost the hole when his approach rolled over the green" [syn: {approach}, {approach shot}].

Approach (v.) Move towards; "We were approaching our destination"; "They are drawing near"; "The enemy army came nearer and nearer" [syn: {approach}, {near}, {come on}, {go up}, {draw near}, {draw close}, {come near}].

Approach (v.) Come near or verge on, resemble, come nearer in quality, or character; "This borders on discrimination!"; "His playing approaches that of Horowitz" [syn: {border on}, {approach}].

Approach (v.) Begin to deal with; "approach a task"; "go about a difficult problem"; "approach a new project" [syn: {set about}, {go about}, {approach}].

Approach (v.) Come near in time; "Winter is approaching"; "approaching old age" [syn: {approach}, {come near}].

Approach (v.) Make advances to someone, usually with a proposal or suggestion; "I was approached by the President to serve as his adviser in foreign matters."

Approachability (n.) 可接近性，易接近性 The quality of being approachable; approachableness.

Approachability (n.) The attribute of being easy to meet or deal with [syn: {approachability}, {accessibility}] [ant: {unapproachability}].

Approachable (a.) 可接近的；易交談的；易親近的 Capable of being approached; accessible; as, approachable virtue.

Approachable (a.) Capable of being read with comprehension; "readily accessible to the nonprofessional reader"; "the tales seem more approachable than his more difficult novels" [syn: {accessible}, {approachable}].

Approachable (a.) Easy to meet or converse or do business with; "a friendly approachable person" [ant: {unapproachable}].

Approachable (a.) Easily approached; "a site approachable from a branch of the Niger" [syn: {approachable}, {reachable}].

Approachableness (n.) The quality or state of being approachable; accessibility.

Approacher (n.) One who approaches.

Approaching (n.) (Hort.) 侵入，逼近，接近 The act of ingrafting a sprig or shoot of one tree into another, without cutting it from the parent stock; -- called, also, inarching and grafting by approach.

Approaching (a.) Of the relatively near future; "the approaching election"; "this coming Thursday"; "the forthcoming holidays"; "the upcoming spring fashions" [syn: {approaching}, {coming(a)}, {forthcoming}, {upcoming}].

Approaching (n.) The event of one object coming closer to another [syn: {approach}, {approaching}].

Approaching (n.) The temporal property of becoming nearer in time; "the approach of winter" [syn: {approach}, {approaching}, {coming}].

Approaching (n.) The act of drawing spatially closer to something; "the hunter's approach scattered the geese" [syn: {approach}, {approaching}, {coming}].

Approachless (a.) Impossible to be approached.

Approachment (n.) Approach. [Archaic] -- Holland.

Approbate (a.) 被認可的；眾所公認的；經過檢驗的 Approved. [Obs.] -- Elyot.

Approbate (v. t.) 認可；承認；批准；贊賞 To express approbation of; to approve; to sanction officially.

I approbate the one, I reprobate the other. -- Sir W. Hamilton.

Note: This word is obsolete in England, but is occasionally heard in the United States, chiefly in a technical sense for license; as, a person is approbated to preach; approbated to keep a public house. -- Pickering (1816).

Approbate (v.) Approve or sanction officially.

Approbate (v.) Accept (documents) as valid [ant: {reprobate}].

Approbation (n.) Proof; attestation. [Obs.] -- Shak.

Approbation (n.) [U] 許可，認可，核准；讚許 The act of approving; an assenting to the propriety of a thing with some degree of pleasure or satisfaction; approval; sanction; commendation.

Many . . . joined in a loud hum of approbation. -- Macaulay.

The silent approbation of one's own breast. -- Melmoth.

Animals . . . love approbation or praise. -- Darwin.

Approbation (n.) Probation or novitiate. [Obs.]

This day my sister should the cloister enter, And there receive her approbation. -- Shak.

Syn: Approval; liking; sanction; consent; concurrence.

Usage: Approbation, Approval. Approbation and approval have the same general meaning, assenting to or declaring as good, sanction, commendation; but approbation is stronger and more positive. "We may be anxious for the approbation of our friends; but we should be still more anxious for the approval of our own consciences." "He who is desirous to obtain universal approbation will learn a good lesson from the fable of the old man and his ass." "The work has been examined by several excellent judges, who have expressed their unqualified approval of its plan and execution."

Approbation (n.) Official approval.

Approbation (n.) Official recognition or approval [ant: condemnation, disapprobation].

Approbative (a.) 贊成的；嘉許的 Approving, or implying approbation. -- Milner.

Approbative (a.) Expressing or manifesting praise or approval; "approbative criticism"; "an affirmative nod" [syn: {approving}, {affirmative}, {approbative}, {approbatory}, {plausive}].

Approbativeness (n.) The quality of being approbative.

Approbativeness (n.) (Phren.) Love of approbation.

Approbator (n.) One who approves. [R.]

Approbatory (a.) 認可的，核准的；表示讚許的 Containing or expressing approbation; commendatory. -- Sheldon.

Approbatory (a.) Expressing or manifesting praise or approval; "approbative criticism"; "an affirmative nod" [syn: approving, affirmative, approbative, approbatory, plausive].

Appromt (v. t.) To quicken; to prompt.

Approof (n.) Trial; proof. [Archaic] -- Shak.

Approof (n.) Approval; commendation. -- Shak.

Appropinquate (v. i.) To approach. [Archaic] -- Ld. Lytton.

Appropinquation (n.) A drawing nigh; approach. [R.] -- Bp. Hall.

Appropinquity (n.) Nearness; propinquity. [R.] -- J. Gregory.

Appropre (v. t.) To appropriate. [Obs.] -- Fuller.

Appropriable (a.) 可供專用（或私用）的 Capable of being appropriated, set apart, sequestered, or assigned exclusively to a particular use. -- Sir T. Browne.

Appropriable (a.) That can be appropriated; "appropriable funds."

Appropriament (n.) What is peculiarly one's own; peculiar qualification. [Obs.]

If you can neglect Your own appropriaments. -- Ford.

Appropriate (a.) 適當的，恰當的，相稱的，合適的 [（+to/ for）] Set apart for a particular use or person. Hence: Belonging peculiarly; peculiar; suitable; fit; proper.

Appropriated (imp. & p. p.) of Appropriate.

Appropriating (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Appropriate.

Appropriate (v. t.) 撥出（款項等）[（+for）]；佔用；盜用，挪用 To take to one's self in exclusion of others; to claim or use as by an exclusive right; as, let no man appropriate the use of a common benefit.

Appropriate (v. t.) To set apart for, or assign to, a particular person or use, in exclusion of all others; -- with to or for; as, a spot of ground is appropriated for a garden; to appropriate money for the increase of the navy.

Appropriate (v. t.) To make suitable; to suit.

Appropriate (v. t.) To annex, as a benefice, to a spiritual corporation, as its property.

Appropriate (n.) (Obsolete) A property; attribute.

Appropriate (a.) 適當的，恰當的，相稱的 [（+to/ for）] Suitable or fitting for a particular purpose, person, occasion, etc.

// An appropriate example; an appropriate dress.

Appropriate (a.) Belonging to or peculiar to a person; proper.

// Each played his appropriate part.

Appropriate (v. t.) (Appropriated, appropriating) 撥出（款項等）[（+for）]；佔用；盜用，挪用 To set apart, authorize, or legislate for some specific purpose or use.

// The legislature appropriated funds for the university.

Appropriate (v. t.) To take to or for oneself; take possession of.

Appropriate (v. t.) To take without permission or consent; seize; expropriate.

// He appropriated the trust funds for himself.

Appropriate (v. t.) To steal, especially to commit petty theft.

Appropriately (adv.) 適當地，合適地，相稱地 In an appropriate or proper manner; fitly; properly.

Appropriately (adv.) In an appropriate manner; "he was appropriately dressed" [syn: appropriately, suitably, fittingly, befittingly, fitly] [ant: inappropriately, unsuitably].

Appropriateness (n.) 適合，適當，相稱 The state or quality of being appropriate; peculiar fitness. -- Froude.

Appropriateness (n.) Appropriate conduct; doing the right thing [syn: appropriateness, rightness] [ant: inappropriateness, wrongness].

Appropriateness (n.) The quality of being specially suitable [ant: inappropriateness, unworthiness].

Appropriation (n.) 撥付，撥發 [U] [（+for）]；撥款 [C] The act of setting apart or assigning to a particular use or person, or of taking to one's self, in exclusion of all others; application to a special use or purpose, as of a piece of ground for a park, or of money to carry out some object.

Appropriation (n.) Anything, especially money, thus set apart.

The Commons watched carefully over the appropriation. -- Macaulay.

Appropriation (n.) (Law) The severing or sequestering of a benefice to the perpetual use of a spiritual corporation. Blackstone.

Appropriation (n.) (Law) The application of payment of money by a debtor to his creditor, to one of several debts which are due from the former to the latter.

Appropriation (n.) Money set aside (as by a legislature) for a specific purpose.

Appropriation (n.) Incorporation by joining or uniting [syn: {annexation}, {appropriation}].

Appropriation (n.) A deliberate act of acquisition of something, often without the permission of the owner; "the necessary funds were obtained by the government's appropriation of the company's operating unit"; "a person's appropriation of property belonging to another is dishonest."

Appropriation (n.), Contracts. The application of the payment of a sum of money, made by a debtor to his creditor, to one of several debts.

Appropriation (n.) When a voluntary payment is made, the law permits the debtor in the first place, or, if he make no choice, then it allows the creditor to make an appropriation of such payment to either of several debts which are due by the debtor to the creditor. And if neither make an appropriation, then the law makes the application of such payment. This rule does not apply to payments made under compulsory process of law. 10 Pick. 129. It will be proper to consider, 1, when the debtor may make the appropriation; 2, when the creditor may make it; 3, when it will be made by law.

Appropriation (n.) In general the appropriation may be made by the debtor, but this must be done by his express declaration, or by circumstances from which his intentions can be inferred. 2 C. M. & R. 723; 14 East, 239; 1 Tyrw. & Gr. 137; 15 Wend. 19; 5 Taunt. 7 Wheat. 13; 2 Ear. & Gill, 159; S. C. 4 Gill & Johns. 361; 1 Bibb, 334; 5 Watts, 544; 12 Pick. 463; 20 Pick. 441; 2 Bailey, 617; 4 Mass. 692; 17 Mass. 575. This appropriation, it seems, must be notified to the creditor at the time; for an entry made by the debtor in his own books, is not alone sufficient to determine the application of the payment. 2 Vern. 606; 4 B. & C. 715. In some cases, in consequence of the circumstances, the presumption will be that the payment was made on account of one debt, in preference to another. 3 Caines, 14; 2 Stark. R. 101. And in some cases the debtor has no right to make the appropriation, as, for example, to apply 4 partial payment to the liquidation of the principal, when interest is due. 1 Dall. 124; 1 H. & J. 754; 2 N. & M'C. 395; 1 Pick. 194; 17 Mass. 417.

Appropriation (n.) When the debtor has neglected to make an appropriation, the creditor may, in general, make it, but this is subject to some exceptions. If, for example, the debtor owes a debt as executor, and one in his own right, the creditor cannot appropriate a payment to the liquidation of the former, because that may depend on the question of assets. 2 Str. 1194. See 1 M. & Malk. 40; 9 Cowen, 409; 2 Stark. R. 74; 1 C. & Mees. 33.

Appropriation (n.) Though it is not clearly settled in England whether a creditor is bound to make the appropriation immediately, or at a subsequent time Ellis on D. and C. 406-408 yet in the United States, the right to make the application at any time has been recognized, and the creditor is not bound to make an immediate election. 4 Cranch, 317; 9 Cowen, 420, 436. See 12 S. & R. 301 2 B. & C. 65; 2 Verm. 283; 10 Conn. 176.

Appropriation (n.), Contracts. The application of the payment of a sum of money, made by a debtor to his creditor, to one of several debts.

Appropriation (n.) When the debtor has neglected to make an appropriation, the creditor may, in general, make it, but this is subject to some exceptions. If, for example, the debtor owes a debt as executor, and one in his own right, the creditor cannot appropriate a payment to the liquidation of the former, because that may depend on the question of assets. 2 Str. 1194. See1 M. & Malk. 40; 9 Cowen, 409; 2 Stark. R. 74; 1 C. & Mees. 33.

Appropriation (n.) When once made, the appropriation cannot be changed; and, rendering an account, or bringing suit and declaring in a particular way, is evidence of such appropriation. 1 Wash. 128 3 Green. 314; 12 Shepl. 29; 2 N. H. Rep. 193; 2 Rawle, 316; 5 Watts, 544; 2 Wash. C. C. 47; 1 Gilp. 106; 12 S. & R. 305.

Appropriation (n.) When no application of the payment has been made by either party, the law will appropriate it, in such a way as to do justice and equity to both parties. 6 Cranch, 8, 28; 4 Mason, 333; 2 Sumn. 99, 112; 5 Mason, 82; 1 Nev. & Man. 746; 5 Bligh, N. S. 1; 11 Mass. 300;1 H. & J. 754; 2 Vern. 24; 1 Bibb. 334; 2 Dea. & Chit. 534; 5 Mason, 11. See 6 Cranch, 253, 264; 7 Cranch, 575; 1 Mer. 572, 605; Burge on Sur. 126-138; 1 M. & M. 40. See 1 Bouv Inst. n. 8314. 8. In Louisiana, by statutory enactment, Civ. Code, art. 1159, et seq., it is provided that the debtor of several debts has a right to declare, when he makes a payment, what debt he means to discharge. The debtor of a debt which bears interest or produces rents, cannot, without the consent of the creditor, impute to the reduction of the capital, any payment he may make, when there is interest or rent due. When the debtor of several debts has accepted a receipt, by which the creditor has imputed what he has received to one of the debts especially, the debtor can no longer require the imputation to be made to a different debt, unless there have been fraud or surprise on the part of the creditor. When the receipt bears no imputation, the payment must be imputed to the debt which the debtor had at the time most interest in discharging of those that are equally due, otherwise to the debt which has fallen due, though less burdensome than those which are not yet payable. If the debts be of a like nature, the imputation is made to the less burdensome; if all things are equal, it is made proportionally." This is a translation of the Codo Napoleon, art. 1253- 1256 slightly altered. See Poth. Obl. n. 528 translated by Evans, and the notes; Bac. Ab. Obligations, F; 6 Watts & Amer. Law Mag. 31; 1 Hare & Wall. Sel. Dec. 123-158.

Appropriation (n.), Eccl. law. The setting apart an ecclesiastical benefice, which is the general property of the church, to the perpetual and proper use of some religious house, bishop or college, dean and chapter and the like. Ayl. Pat. 86. See the form of an appropriation in Jacob's Introd. 411.

Appropriative (a.) 專用的；充當的，可撥用的 Appropriating; making, or tending to, appropriation; as, an appropriative act. -- Ap*pro"pri*a*tive*ness, n.

Appropriative (a.) Of or relating to or given to the act of taking for yourself.

Appropriator (n.) 專用者；佔用者；擅用者 One who appropriates.

Appropriator (n.) (Law) A spiritual corporation possessed of an appropriated benefice; also, an impropriator.

Appropriator (n.) Someone who takes for his or her own use (especially without permission).

Approvable (a.) 可贊同的；可核准的 Worthy of being approved; meritorious. -- Ap*prov"a*ble*ness, n.

Compare: Meritorious

Meritorious (a.) 有功績的；有價值的；值得稱讚的；令人敬佩的 Possessing merit; deserving of reward or honor; worthy of recompense; valuable.

And meritorious shall that hand be called, Canonized, and worshiped as a saint. -- Shak. -- Mer`i*to"ri*ous*ly, adv. -- Mer`i*to"ri*ous*ness, n.

Meritorious (a.) Deserving reward or praise; "a lifetime of meritorious service"; "meritorious conduct" [syn: meritorious, meritable].
Approval (n.) [U] 批准；認可；贊成；同意 Approbation; sanction.A censor . . . without whose approval no capital sentences are to be executed. -- Temple.

Syn: See Approbation.

Approval (n.) The formal act of approving; "he gave the project his blessing"; "his decision merited the approval of any sensible person" [syn: blessing, approval, approving] [ant: disapproval].

Approval (n.) A feeling of liking something or someone good; "although she fussed at them, she secretly viewed all her children with approval" [ant: disapproval].

Approval (n.) Acceptance as satisfactory; "he bought it on approval" [syn: approval, favorable reception, favourable reception].

Approval (n.) A message expressing a favorable opinion; "words of approval seldom passed his lips" [syn: approval, commendation] [ant: disapproval].

Approvance (n.) Approval. [Archaic] -- Thomson.

Approved (imp. & p. p.) of Approve.

Approving (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Approve.

Approve (v. t.) 贊成，同意；贊許 [W]；批准；認可 To show to be real or true; to prove. [Obs.]

Wouldst thou approve thy constancy? Approve First thy obedience. -- Milton.

Approve (v. t.) To make proof of; to demonstrate; to prove or show practically.

Opportunities to approve . . . worth. -- Emerson.

He had approved himself a great warrior. -- Macaulay.

'T is an old lesson; Time approves it true. -- Byron.

His account . . . approves him a man of thought. -- Parkman.

Approve (v. t.) To sanction officially; to ratify; to confirm; as, to approve the decision of a court-martial.

Approve (v. t.) To regard as good; to commend; to be pleased with; to think well of; as, we approve the measured of the administration.

Approve (v. t.) To make or show to be worthy of approbation or acceptance.

The first care and concern must be to approve himself to God. -- Rogers.

Note: This word, when it signifies to be pleased with, to think favorably (of), is often followed by of.

They had not approved of the deposition of James. -- Macaulay.

They approved of the political institutions. -- W. Black.

Approve (v. t.) (Eng. Law) To make profit of; to convert to one's own profit; -- said esp. of waste or common land appropriated by the lord of the manor.

Approve (v.) (v. i.) 贊成；贊許 [W] [（+of）] Give sanction to; "I approve of his educational policies" [syn: approve, O.K., okay, sanction] [ant: disapprove, reject].

Approve (v.) Judge to be right or commendable; think well of [ant: disapprove].

Approvedly (adv.) So as to secure approbation; in an approved manner.

Approvement (n.) [Obs.] Approbation.

I did nothing without your approvement. -- Hayward.

Approvement (n.) [Obs.] (Eng. Law) A confession of guilt by a prisoner charged with treason or felony, together with an accusation of his accomplish and a giving evidence against them in order to obtain his own pardon. The term is no longer in use; it corresponded to what is now known as turning king's (or queen's) evidence in England, and state's evidence in the United States. -- Burrill. Bouvier.

Approvement (n.) (Old Eng. Law) Improvement of common lands, by inclosing and converting them to the uses of husbandry for the advantage of the lord of the manor. -- Blackstone.

Approvement (n.) English crim. law. The act by which a person indicted of treason or felony, and arraigned for the same, confesses the same before any plea pleaded, and accuses others, his accomplices, of the same crime, in order to obtain his pardon. 2 This practice is disused. 4 Bl. Com. 330 1 Phil. Ev. 37. In modern practice, an accomplice is permitted to give evidence against his associates. 9 Cowen, R. 707; 2 Virg. Cas. 490; 4 Mass. R. 156; 12 Mass. R. 20; 4 Wash. C. C. R. 428; 1 Dev. R. 363; 1 City Hall Rec. 8. In Vermont, on a trial for adultery, it was held that a particeps criminis was not a competent witness, because no person can be allowed to testify his own guilt or turpitude to convict another. N. Chap. R. 9.

Approvement (n.) English law. The inclosing of common land within the lord's waste, so as to leave egress and regress to a tenant who is a commoner.

Approvement (n.) English law. The augmentation of the profits of land. Stat. of Merton, 20 Hen. VIII.; F. N. B. 72 Crompt. Jus. 250; 1 Lilly's Reg. 110.

Approver (n.) 批准者；贊成者；告密者 [C] One who approves. Formerly, one who made proof or trial.

Approver (n.) An informer; an accuser. [Obs.] -- Chaucer.

Approver (n.) (Eng. Law) One who confesses a crime and accuses another. See 1st {Approvement}, 2.

Approver (n.) A bailiff or steward; an agent. [Obs.] -- Jacobs.

Approver (n.) An authority with power to approve.

Approving (a.) Expressing approbation; commending; as, an approving smile.

Approximate (a.) 近似的，接近的；大約的，大概的 Approaching; proximate; nearly resembling.

Approximate (a.) Near correctness; nearly exact; not perfectly accurate; as, approximate results or values.

{Approximate quantities} (Math.), Those which are nearly, but not, equal.

Approximated (imp. & p. p.) of Approximate.

Approximating (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Approximate.

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