Webster's Unabridged Dictionary - Letter A - Page 69
Anthology (n.) A collection of flowers of literature, that is, beautiful passages from authors; a collection of poems or epigrams; -- particularly applied to a collection of ancient Greek epigrams.
Compare: Epigram
Epigram (n.) [C] 警句，雋語；機智的短詩；諷刺短詩 A pithy saying or remark expressing an idea in a clever and amusing way.
‘A Wildean epigram.’
Epigram (n.) [C] A short poem, especially a satirical one, with a witty or ingenious ending.
Compare: Pithy
Pithy (a.) (Of a fruit or plant) 有髓的；簡潔有力的；簡練的 Containing much pith.
Pithy (a.) (Of language or style) Terse and vigorously expressive.
‘His characteristically pithy comments’
Anthology (n.) (Gr. Ch.) A service book containing a selection of pieces for the festival services.
Anthology (n.) A collection of selected literary passages.
Anthomania (n.) A extravagant fondness for flowers.
Anthony's Fire () See Saint Anthony's Fire, under Saint.
Anthophagous (a.) 食花的 Eating flowers; -- said of certain insects.
Anthophilous (a.) (Also, anthophagous) (植) 蟲媒的 Feeding on flowers, as certain insects.
Anthophilous (a.) (動) 喜花的 Attracted by or living among flowers.
Anthophore (n.) The stipe when developed into an internode between calyx and corolla, as in the Pink family.
Anthophorous (a.) Flower bearing; supporting the flower.
Anthophyllite (n.) A mineral of the hornblende group, of a yellowish gray or clove brown color.
Anthorism (n.) A description or definition contrary to that which is given by the adverse party.
Anthotaxy (n.) The arrangement of flowers in a cluster; the science of the relative position of flowers; inflorescence.
Anthozoa (n. pl.) 腔腸動物；珊瑚蟲 The class of the Coelenterata which includes the corals and sea anemones. The three principal groups or orders are Acyonaria, Actinaria, and Madreporaria.
Anthozoan (a.) Pertaining to the Anthozoa.
Anthozoan (n.) One of the Anthozoa.
Anthozoic (a.) Of or pertaining to the Anthozoa.
Anthracene (n.) A solid hydrocarbon, C6H4.C2H2.C6H4, which accompanies naphthalene in the last stages of the distillation of coal tar. Its chief use is in the artificial production of alizarin.
Anthracic (a.) Of or relating to anthrax; as, anthracic blood.
Anthraciferous (a.) Yielding anthracite; as, anthraciferous strata.
Anthracite (n.) A hard, compact variety of mineral coal, of high luster, differing from bituminous coal in containing little or no bitumen, in consequence of which it burns with a nearly non luminous flame. The purer specimens consist almost wholly of carbon. Also called glance coal and blind coal.
Anthracitic (a.) Of, pertaining to, or like, anthracite; as, anthracitic formations.
Anthracoid (a.) Resembling anthrax in action; of the nature of anthrax; as, an anthracoid microbe.
Anthracomancy (n.) Divination by inspecting a burning coal.
Anthracometer (n.) An instrument for measuring the amount of carbonic acid in a mixture.
Anthracometric (a.) Of or pertaining to an anthracometer.
Anthraconite (n.) A coal-black marble, usually emitting a fetid smell when rubbed; -- called also stinkstone and swinestone.
Anthraquinone (n.) A hydrocarbon, C6H4.C2O2.C6H4, subliming in shining yellow needles. It is obtained by oxidation of anthracene.
Anthrax (n.) (Med.) 【醫】癰；炭疽（病）；脾脫疽 A carbuncle.
Anthrax (n.) A malignant pustule.
Anthrax (n.) (Biol.) A microscopic, bacterial organism (Bacillus anthracis), resembling transparent rods. [See Illust. under Bacillus.]
Anthrax (n.) An infectious disease of cattle and sheep. It is ascribed to the presence of a rod-shaped bacterium (Bacillus anthracis), the spores of which constitute the contagious matter. It may be transmitted to man by inoculation. The spleen becomes greatly enlarged and filled with bacteria. Called also splenic fever.
Anthrax (n) A highly infectious animal disease (especially cattle and sheep); it can be transmitted to people [syn: anthrax, splenic fever].
Anthrax (n) A disease of humans that is not communicable; caused by infection with Bacillus anthracis followed by septicemia.
Anthrenus (n.) A genus of small beetles, several of which, in the larval state, are very destructive to woolen goods, fur, etc. The common "museum pest" is A. varius; the carpet beetle is A. scrophulariae. The larvae are commonly confounded with moths.
Anthropic (a.) Alt. of Anthropical.
Anthropical (a.) Like or related to man; human.
Anthropidae (n. pl.) The group that includes man only.
Anthropocentric (a.) 以人類為中心的 Assuming man as the center or ultimate end; -- applied to theories of the universe or of any part of it, as the solar system.
Anthropocentric (a.) (Formal) 人類中心說的 Considering humans and their existence as the most important and central fact in the universe.
Anthropogenic (a.) Of or pertaining to anthropogeny.
Anthropogeny (n.) The science or study of human generation, or the origin and development of man.
Anthropoglot (n.) An animal which has a tongue resembling that of man, as the parrot.
Anthropography (n.) That branch of anthropology which treats of the actual distribution of the human race in its different divisions, as distinguished by physical character, language, institutions, and customs, in contradistinction to ethnography, which treats historically of the origin and filiation of races and nations.
Anthropoid (a.) Resembling man; -- applied especially to certain apes, as the ourang or gorilla.
Anthropoid (n.) An anthropoid ape.
Anthropoid (a.) Resembling apes [syn: anthropoid, anthropoidal, apelike].
Anthropoid (a.) Resembling human beings [syn: anthropoid, manlike].
Anthropoid (n.) Person who resembles a nonhuman primate [syn: anthropoid, ape].
Anthropoid (n.) Any member of the suborder Anthropoidea including monkeys and apes and hominids.
Anthropoidal (a.) Anthropoid.
Anthropoidal (a.) Resembling apes [syn: anthropoid, anthropoidal, apelike].
Anthropoidea (n. pl.) (Zool.) The suborder of primates which includes the monkeys, apes, and man.
Anthropoidea (n.) Monkeys; apes; hominids [syn: Anthropoidea, suborder Anthropoidea].
Anthropolatry (n.) Man worship.
Anthropolatry (n.) The worship of human beings [syn: anthropolatry, worship of man].
Anthropolite (n.) (Paleon.) A petrifaction of the human body, or of any portion of it. Anthropologic.
Anthropologic (a.) Alt. of Anthropological.
Anthropological (a.) Pertaining to anthropology; belonging to the nature of man. "Anthropologic wisdom." --Kingsley. -- An`thro*po*log"ic*al*ly, adv.
Anthropologist (n.) 人類學家 One who is versed in
anthropology.
Anthropologist (n.) 人類學者 A social scientist who
specializes in anthropology, or the study of human beings.
Anthropologist (n.) [ C ] 人類學家 Someone who
scientifically studies humans and their customs, beliefs, and relationships.
Anthropology (n.) 人類學 The science of the
structure and functions of the human body.
Anthropology (n.) The science of man,
including the study of the distribution of physical and cultural attributes in
relation to man's origin, location, history, and environment; -- sometimes used
in a limited sense to mean the study of man as an object of natural history, or
as an animal.
Anthropology
(n.) That manner of expression by which the inspired
writers attribute human parts and passions to God. See also anthropopathite,
anthropopathism, anthropomorphist.
Anthropology (n.) The social science that studies the origins and social relationships of human beings.
Anthropology (n.) [ U ] 人類學 The study of the human race, its culture and society, and its physical development.
Anthropomancy (n.) Divination by the entrails of human being. Anthropometric
Compare: Divination
Divination (n.) [ U ] 占卜，算命 The skill or act of saying or discovering what will happen in the future.
Compare: Entrails
Entrails (n. pl.) 內臟 The intestines and other inside organs of an animal or person, when they are outside the body.
// Pig entrails. 豬內臟
// (Figurative) The sofa's entrails (= pieces of material from inside) were sticking out in places.
Anthropometric (a.) 人體測量的 Alt. of Anthropometrical
Anthropometrical (a.) Pertaining to anthropometry.
Anthropometric (a.) Of or relating to anthropometry [syn: anthropometric, anthropometrical].
Anthropometry (n.) （使用比較方法的）人體測量學 Measurement of the height and other dimensions of human beings, especially at different ages, or in different races, occupations, etc. -- Dunglison.
Anthropometry (n.) Measurement and study of the human body and its parts and capacities.
Anthropomorpha (n. pl.) (Zool.) The manlike, or anthropoid, apes.
Anthropomorphic (a.) 被賦予人形（或人性）的，擬人的 Of or pertaining to anthropomorphism. -- Hadley. -- An`thro*po*mor"phic*al*ly, adv.
Anthropomorphic (a.) Suggesting human characteristics for animals or inanimate things [syn: anthropomorphic, anthropomorphous, humanlike].
Anthropomorphism (n.) 神人同形同性論，擬人論 The representation of the Deity, or of a polytheistic deity, under a human form, or with human attributes and affections.
Anthropomorphism (n.) The ascription of human characteristics to things not human.
Anthropomorphism (n.) The representation of objects (especially a god) as having human form or traits [syn: anthropomorphism, theanthropism].
Anthropomorphist (n.) 神人同形同性論者 One who attributes the human form or other human attributes to the Deity or to anything not human.
Anthropomorphite (n.) One who ascribes a human form or human attributes to the Deity or to a polytheistic deity. Taylor. Specifically, one of a sect of ancient heretics who believed that God has a human form, etc. -- Tillotson.
Anthropomorphitic (a.) (Biol.) 神人同形同性論的 Pertaining to anthropomorphism, or anthropomorphitism. -- Kitto.
Anthropomorphitism (n.) 神人同形同性論 Anthropomorphism. --Wordsworth.
Anthropomorphize (v. t. & i.) 人格化，賦與人性 To attribute a human form or personality to.
You may see imaginative children every day anthropomorphizing. -- Lowell.
Anthropomorphize (v.) Ascribe human features to something [syn: anthropomorphize, anthropomorphise].
Anthropomorphology (n.) 人類形態學 The application to God of terms descriptive of human beings.
Anthropomorphosis (n.) Transformation into the form of a human being.
Anthropomorphous (a.) Having the figure of, or resemblance to, a man; as, an anthropomorphous plant. "Anthropomorphous apes." -- Darwin. Anthroponomics
Anthropomorphous (a.) Suggesting human characteristics for animals or inanimate things [syn: anthropomorphic, anthropomorphous, humanlike].
Anthropopathic (a.) Alt. of Anthropopathical
Anthropopathical (a.) Of or pertaining to anthropopathy. [R.] -- An`thro*po*path"ic*al*ly, adv.
The daring anthropopathic imagery by which the prophets often represent God as chiding, upbraiding, threatening. -- H. Rogers. Anthropopathism
Anthropopathism (n.) Alt. of Anthropopathy
Anthropopathy (n.) The ascription of human feelings or passions to God, or to a polytheistic deity. In its recoil from the gross anthropopathy of the vulgar notions, it falls into the vacuum of absolute apathy. -- Hare.
Anthropophagi (n. pl.) Man eaters; cannibals. -- Shak. Anthropophagic
Anthropophagic (a.) Alt. of Anthropophagical.
Anthropophagical (a.) Relating to cannibalism or anthropophagy.
Anthropophaginian (n.) One who east human flesh. [Ludicrous] -- Shak.
Anthropophagite (n.) 食人的野蠻人 A cannibal. -- W. Taylor.
Anthropophagous (a.) Feeding on human flesh; cannibal.
Anthropophagous (a.) Of or relating to eaters of human flesh.
Anthropophagy (n.) The eating of human flesh; cannibalism.
Anthropophagy (n.) Human cannibalism; the eating of human flesh
Anthropophuism (n.) Human nature. [R.] -- Gladstone.
Anthroposcopy (n.) The art of discovering or judging of a man's character, passions. and inclinations from a study of his visible features. [R.]
Anthroposophy (n.) Knowledge of the nature of man; hence, human wisdom.
Anthroposophy (n.) A system of beliefs and practices based on the philosophy of Rudolf Steiner; it claims to integrate the practical and psychological in child-centered education.
Anthropotomical (a.) Pertaining to anthropotomy, or the dissection of human bodies.
Anthropotomist (n.) One who is versed in anthropotomy, or human anatomy.
Anthropotomy (n.) The anatomy or dissection of the human body; androtomy. -- Owen.
Anthypnotic () See Antihypnotic.
Anthypochondriac (a. & n.) See Antihypochondriac.
Anthysteric (a. & n.) See Antihysteric.
Anti () A prefix meaning against, opposite or opposed to, contrary, or in place of; -- used in composition in many English words. It is often shortened to ant-; as, antacid, antarctic.
Antiae (n. pl.) The two projecting feathered angles of the forehead of some birds; the frontal points.
Antialbumid (n.) A body formed from albumin by pancreatic and gastric digestion. It is convertible into antipeptone.
Antialbumose (n.) See Albumose.
Anti-American (a.) Opposed to the Americans, their aims, or interests, or to the genius of American institutions.
Antiaphrodisiac (a. & n.) Same as Antaphrodisiac.
Antiapoplectic (a. & n.) Same as Antapoplectic.
Antiar (n.) A Virulent poison prepared in Java from the gum resin of one species of the upas tree (Antiaris toxicaria).
Antiarin (n.) A poisonous principle obtained from antiar.
Antiasthmatic (a. & n.) Same as Antasthmatic.
Antiattrition (n.) Anything to prevent the effects of friction, esp. a compound lubricant for machinery, etc., often consisting of plumbago, with some greasy material; antifriction grease.
Antibacchius (n.) A foot of three syllables, the first two long, and the last short (#).
Antibillous (a.) Counteractive of bilious complaints; tending to relieve biliousness.
Antibiotic (n.) 抗生素 A chemical substance derived from a mold or bacterium that kills microorganisms and cures infections.
Syn: Wonder drug.
Antibiotic (n.) Any chemical substance having therapeutically useful antibacterial or antifungal activity; -- used commonly but loosely for synthetic as well as natural antimicrobial agents.
Antibiotic (a.) 抗生的 Of or pertaining to an antibiotic.
Antibiotic (a.) Having antimicrobial activity; capable of killing microbes. -- {antibiotically}, n.
Antibiotic (a.) Of or relating to antibiotic drugs.
Antibiotic (n.) A chemical substance derivable from a mold or bacterium that can kill microorganisms and cure bacterial infections; "when antibiotics were first discovered they were called wonder drugs" [syn: {antibiotic}, {antibiotic drug}].
Antibiotic (a.) 抗生的；抗菌的；抗菌作用的；抗生素的 Tending to prevent, inhibit, or destroy life.
Antibiotic (a.) Of or relating to antibiotics or to antibiosis antibiotic drugs.
Antibiotic (n.) [ C ] (C2) 抗生素，抗菌素 A medicine or chemical that can destroy harmful bacteria in the body or limit their growth.
// I'm taking antibiotics for a throat infection.
// A one-month course of antibiotics.
// Some types of antibiotic are used to promote growth in farm animals.
// He's on antibiotics for an ear infection.
Antibody (n.) (Med., Physiol. Chem.) 【生】抗體 [C] Any of various bodies or substances in the blood which act in antagonism to harmful foreign bodies, as toxins or the bacteria producing the toxins.
Normal blood serum apparently contains various antibodies, and the introduction of toxins or of foreign cells also stimulates production of their specific antibodies by the immune system.
Note: In certain "autoimmune" diseases, the immune system of an organism may produce antibodies to parts of the organism's own structure, and can cause considerable damage and even death as a result.
Antibody (n.) (Med., Physiol. Chem.) More narrowly, any of the immunoglobulins present in the blood serum or other body fluids of an animal, which reacts with a specific antigenic substance, whether the antibody was produced as a consequence of the stimulus provided by the antigen, or was pre-existing prior to exposure of the organism to the antigen.
Note: The soluble antibodies present in serum are complex globins (proteins) with both constant and variable regions in the polypeptide chains, the variable region being responsible for the reaction of the antibody with its specific antigen. Typically, antibodies of more than one structure may react with a given antigen, and any given antigen may stimulate production of more than one antibody. Methods have been developed to grow cells in tissue culture which produce predominantly only one specific antibody, and such antibodies thus produced (called {monoclonal antibodies}) are highly specific in their reactions to molecular strucures, and are used as valuable reagents in biochemical technology.
Antibody (n.) Any of a large variety of proteins normally present in the body or produced in response to an antigen which it neutralizes, thus producing an immune response.
Antibody (n.) [ C ] 抗體 A protein produced in the blood that fights diseases by attacking and killing harmful bacteria.
// Antibodies found in breast milk protect newborn babies against infection.
Compare: Antigen
Antigen (n.) 【生】抗原 A toxin or other foreign substance which induces an immune response in the body, especially the production of antibodies.
Antigen (n.) 抗原（Antigen，縮寫Ag）為任何可誘發免疫反應的物質，不只是從病原體那裡取得，一般來說體內發現分子夠大的有機物就有可能作為一個適合的抗原，這樣也就會導致例如過敏等問題。外來分子可經過B細胞上免疫球蛋白的辨識或經抗原呈現細胞的處理並與主要組織相容性複合體結合成複合物再活化T細胞，引發連續的免疫反應。
In immunology, an antigen is a molecule capable of inducing an immune response (to produce an antibody) in the host organism. [1] Sometimes antigens are part of the host itself in an autoimmune disease. [2]
Antigens are "targeted" by antibodies. Each antibody is specifically produced by the immune system to match an antigen after cells in the immune system come into contact with it; this allows a precise identification or matching of the antigen and the initiation of a tailored response. The antibody is said to "match" the antigen in the sense that it can bind to it due to an adaptation in a region of the antibody; because of this, many different antibodies are produced, each able to bind a different antigen while sharing the same basic structure. In most cases, an adapted antibody can only react to and bind one specific antigen; in some instances, however, antibodies may cross-react and bind more than one antigen.
Also, an antigen is a molecule that binds to Ag-specific receptors, but cannot necessarily induce an immune response in the body by itself. [3] Antigens are usually peptides (amino acid chains), polysaccharides (chains of monosaccharides/ simple sugars) or lipids. In general, saccharides and lipids (as opposed to peptides) qualify as antigens but not as immunogens since they cannot elicit an immune response on their own. Furthermore, for a peptide to induce an immune response (activation of T-cells by antigen-presenting cells) it must be a large enough size, since peptides too small will also not elicit an immune response. The term antigen originally described a structural molecule that binds specifically to an antibody. It was expanded to refer to any molecule or a linear molecular fragment that can be recognized by highly variable antigen receptors (B-cell receptor or T-cell receptor) of the adaptive immune system.
The antigen may originate from within the body ("self-antigen") or from the external environment ("non-self"). The immune system is supposed to identify and attack "non-self" invaders from the outside world or modified/ harmful substances present in the body and usually does not react to self-antigens under normal homeostatic conditions due to negative selection of T cells in the thymus. [4]
Vaccines are examples of antigens in an immunogenic form, which are intentionally administered to a recipient to induce the memory function of adaptive immune system toward the antigens of the pathogen invading that recipient.
Antibrachial (a.) 前臂的 Of or pertaining to the antibrachium, or forearm.